International Students: Exploring Homeland Security Studies

International students who wish to study in the United States must follow a specific set of rules and regulations, depending on their student type and education level. The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has launched the 'Study in the States' initiative to enhance national security and improve customer service tied to regulations governing international students studying in the United States. The F and M visas are the two non-immigrant visa categories for international students wishing to study in the US. F-1 students are those enrolled in an academic, language-training, or vocational program, while M-1 students are enrolled in vocational or other non-academic programs. International students must maintain compliance with visa requirements and specific rules to legally remain in the United States.

Visa requirements for international students

International students who wish to study in the United States must follow a specific set of rules, depending on their student type and education level. The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) launched the Study in the States initiative to enhance national security and improve customer service tied to regulations governing international students studying in the United States.

There are three types of student visas: F-1 (Student Visa), J-1 (Exchange Visitor Visa), and M-1 (Vocational Student Visa). The F-1 visa is the most commonly used for bachelor's and graduate degree programs. The M-1 visa is used for trade and vocational schools and is limited to a total duration of one year. The J-1 visa is for exchange visitors.

The first step to studying in the United States is to apply to a Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)-approved school in the United States. If the SEVP-approved school accepts your enrollment, you will be registered for the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) and must pay the SEVIS I-901 fee. The SEVP-approved school will issue you a Form I-20 (Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status). After you receive the Form I-20 and register in SEVIS, you may apply at a US Embassy or Consulate for a student (F or M) visa. You must present the Form I-20 to the consular officer when you attend your visa interview.

Students must schedule an appointment for their visa interview at the US Embassy or Consulate in the country where they live. Wait times for interview appointments vary by location, season, and visa category, so students should apply for their visa early. New students can obtain their visas up to 365 days before the start date of their course of study, but they will not be allowed to enter the United States on their student visa more than 30 days before the start date. Continuing students may enter the US at any time before classes start.

Students must pay a non-refundable visa application fee, if applicable to their nationality. If their visa is approved, they may also pay a visa issuance fee. Students must bring a valid passport, a photograph, and the visa processing fee to their interview. The passport must be valid for at least six months beyond their period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). The photograph should be 2 inches long and wide (51 mm x 51 mm) showing the student's full face against a light background.

Travel during studies

International students in the United States on an F-1 or M-1 visa must comply with visa requirements and follow specific rules depending on their student type and education level. While studying in the US, international students may be able to travel during their time of study, including for annual vacations or during school breaks.

Travel Advice and Tips

The CDC and the US Department of State offer travel advice and tips for students travelling abroad. It is important to be aware of your surroundings and mindful of safety and security. Students are more likely to encounter theft and assault when in an unfamiliar place. The nearest US embassy or consulate can provide assistance and support in an emergency.

Travel Documents

It is important to have all the required travel documents before travelling. These include a passport, student visa, and Form I-20, which must be kept in carry-on luggage. The passport must be valid for at least six months after the re-entry date, and the Form I-20, or "Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status," must be signed by a Designated School Official (DSO) within the last year. Additionally, students should ensure their record in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) is up to date and in Active status.

Re-entry into the United States

When re-entering the United States, students will need to present their travel documents for inspection at a US port of entry. This includes the passport, student visa, and Form I-20. It is recommended to have the most recent Form I-94, "Arrival/Departure Record," when returning as an M-1 student. Students should also be aware of any international travel advisories or health regulations that may impact their travel plans.

Practical Training Applications

If a student has a pending practical training application with United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), it is recommended not to travel as USCIS may require documents from the student's US address. Once the application is approved, USCIS will send an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) to the US address, which is required for re-entry into the United States.

Travel Duration

International students should not leave the country for more than five months and must ensure their DSO has signed their Form I-20 within the last year. Additionally, students should have their DSO's most up-to-date contact information, including daytime and 24-hour emergency phone numbers.

Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)

The Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) is a program within the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) that operates under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The SEVP manages foreign students and exchange visitors in the United States through the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS).

The SEVP encompasses three types of nonimmigrant statuses: F status (for foreign students in academic programs and their dependents), J status (for exchange visitors and their dependents), and M status (for foreign students in vocational programs and their dependents). It is important to note that the SEVP does not cover all statuses available to foreign students in the United States, such as the H-4 status and other dependent statuses.

The F status is for foreign students enrolled in academic programs at SEVP-approved schools in the United States. The M status is for foreign nationals pursuing a full course of study at an SEVP-approved vocational or other recognised non-academic institution. The J status is for exchange visitors and their dependents participating in Department of State-verified exchange visitor programs.

The SEVP is responsible for providing approval and oversight to schools authorised to enrol F and M nonimmigrant students. It also offers guidance to both schools and students regarding the requirements for maintaining their status. The SEVP works closely with the Department of State (DoS), which manages the Exchange Visitor Programs and J visa classification.

The SEVIS is a web-based system that maintains information on SEVP-certified schools, F and M students attending those schools, exchange visitor program sponsors, and J visa exchange visitor program participants. It is used by designated school officials to update school information, apply for recertification, and issue necessary forms. SEVIS also enables the tracking and monitoring of nonimmigrant students and exchange visitors, ensuring proper reporting and record-keeping by schools and programs.

Rules and regulations for international students

International students in the United States must follow a specific set of rules and regulations, which may vary depending on their student type and education level. Here are some key rules and regulations for international students to be aware of:

Visa Requirements

Maintaining compliance with visa requirements is crucial for international students in the US. The most common type of student visa is the F-1 Visa (Academic Student), which allows individuals to enter the country as full-time students at accredited academic institutions. To obtain and maintain an F-1 Visa, students must demonstrate acceptance to an accredited institution, provide proof of financial support, and remain enrolled full-time. Falling below the required course load can result in legal complications, including possible deportation.

The M-1 Visa (Vocational Student) is another category that includes students in vocational or other non-academic programs, excluding language training. F-1 and M-1 students must also follow specific rules regarding employment, with any off-campus training or employment requiring authorisation and relating to their area of study.

Driving and Road Safety

International students who plan to drive in the US must understand the driving regulations and road safety rules. Depending on the state, they may need to obtain a driver's license or an international driving permit. It is essential to familiarise oneself with traffic laws, speed limits, and parking regulations, as well as safe driving habits such as wearing seat belts and avoiding distractions. Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is strictly prohibited and can lead to severe legal penalties.

Alcohol and Drug Regulations

International students must be aware of the laws regarding alcohol and drug use on campus. The legal drinking age in the US is 21, and underage drinking can have serious consequences, including legal repercussions and potential damage to academic standing. Drug possession and use are also strictly regulated, and violations can result in legal charges, jeopardising student status and future opportunities.

Privacy

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) safeguards the privacy of student education records, granting students certain rights regarding access to and control over the disclosure of their records. International students should be cautious about sharing personal information online and should utilise privacy settings on social media platforms. Understanding and protecting their personal information can help ensure a safe and secure study environment.

Financial Aid

International students are generally not eligible for federal financial aid programs in the US. However, some universities and colleges offer scholarships or financial aid opportunities specifically for international students. It is recommended to research and explore these options by staying informed about changes in regulations and maintaining communication with the university's international student office.

Employment for international students

International students on an F-1 or M-1 visa in the United States must follow specific rules and regulations to maintain their student status. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has launched the "Study in the States" initiative to help international students navigate the rules and regulations governing their stay in the country.

Employment Opportunities for International Students:

International students on an F-1 or M-1 visa in the US must ensure that their off-campus employment is related to their area of study and must obtain authorization from the Designated School Official and USCIS before starting any work. Additionally, only those with permission from DHS to work can apply for a Social Security number.

The DHS and its components offer various employment opportunities for international students, depending on their skills and interests. For instance, the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) offers a paid federal internship that provides on-the-job experience in various roles within the agency. ICE also has specific hiring programs for students, recent graduates, and other applicants, offering training, mentoring, and career development opportunities in law enforcement.

The Homeland Security Academic Advisory Council (HSAAC) is another avenue for international students to engage with the DHS and academic leaders. Through HSAAC, students can advise the DHS on key issues and recommend policy improvements.

Furthermore, the "Study in the States" website provides resources and information on the international student process, including the student visa process and exchange visitor programs. This can help international students understand the requirements and opportunities for employment during their stay in the United States.

Overall, while international students on F-1 or M-1 visas in the US must adhere to certain regulations regarding employment, there are opportunities for those seeking to work in fields related to homeland security and its associated agencies. By engaging with initiatives like "Study in the States" and exploring internship and hiring programs, international students can find employment opportunities that align with their interests and contribute to the mission of securing the nation.

Frequently asked questions