Janice Lozano
International students are often restricted by visa requirements and study permits when it comes to working during their studies. In Canada, international students are generally allowed to work off-campus for up to 24 hours per week without a work permit. During scheduled breaks, such as winter holidays, they can work unlimited hours as long as they are full-time students both before and after the break. In the United States, international students with F-1 visas can work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week during the school year and up to 40 hours per week when classes are not in session. To work off-campus or increase their hours, F-1 students must obtain work authorization and meet eligibility requirements. J-1 visa holders must also obtain work authorization and meet eligibility criteria to work off-campus or increase their on-campus work hours. Thus, it is essential for international students to carefully consider their visa status and local regulations before seeking employment, especially if they wish to work more than 40 hours during the winter break.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Maximum work hours for international students during winter break | 40 hours per week |
| Maximum work hours for international students during the school year | 20 hours per week |
| Maximum work hours for international students in Canada | 24 hours per week |
| Work hours limit for international students in Canada with remote jobs | N/A (Doesn't count towards the 24-hour limit) |
| Work hours limit for international students in Canada with multiple jobs | 24 hours in total across all jobs |
| Work hours limit for international students in Canada during summer and winter vacations | More than 20 hours per week, depending on enrollment and employment type |
| Work hours limit for international students in the US with F-1 status | 20 hours per week during the school year, 40 hours per week during breaks |
| Work hours limit for international students in the US with J-1 status | Not specified |
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What You'll Learn
- International students in Canada can work up to 24 hours per week without a work permit
- Students in the US with an F-1 visa can work up to 40 hours per week during breaks
- Students with an F-1 visa must get work authorisation to work off-campus
- Students with a J-1 visa must get work authorisation to work off-campus
- International students in Canada can lose their status if they work over 24 hours a week
International students in Canada can work up to 24 hours per week without a work permit
International students in Canada are allowed to work off-campus for up to 24 hours per week without a work permit. This change came into effect on November 15, 2024, increasing the limit from 20 hours. Students can work multiple jobs to make up the 24 hours as long as they continue to meet the conditions of their study permit.
International students in Canada can work on-campus as well as off-campus, provided they meet the eligibility criteria. Unlike off-campus work, there is no limit to the number of hours students can work on-campus. On-campus work includes employment within the buildings or grounds of a school's campus, including jobs with the school itself, faculty members, student organizations, or private businesses that operate on campus. Students can even work for themselves if they own a business that is physically located on campus.
During scheduled breaks, such as summer or winter holidays, international students in Canada can work unlimited hours. However, to be eligible to work unlimited hours during these breaks, students must be enrolled as full-time students both before and after the break.
It is important to note that working more than 24 hours per week off-campus is a violation of the study permit conditions. International students in Canada who do not comply with these conditions may lose their student status, face difficulties in obtaining future study or work permits, and may even have to leave the country.
Additionally, certain occupations and employers may have restrictions for study permit holders, which will be stated on the study permit. International students in Canada are considered residents for tax purposes and are responsible for filing income tax returns the following year.
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Students in the US with an F-1 visa can work up to 40 hours per week during breaks
To work off-campus, F-1 visa holders must meet strict eligibility requirements and obtain official authorization. Curricular Practical Training (CPT) is one such option, which allows students to work off-campus in a role that provides training in their field of study and fulfils academic credit or a degree requirement. Students must receive written work authorization from an international advisor before beginning any off-campus employment. It is important to note that working illegally can result in the loss of F-1 student status and the revocation of the F-1 visa.
On-campus employment is generally limited to 20 hours per week when classes are in session. However, during breaks, this limit is typically increased to 40 hours per week. Students should be aware that their primary focus is still their academic studies, and working more than 35 hours per week, even during breaks, may not be advisable.
It is worth noting that there are special circumstances, such as emergent events causing severe economic hardship, where an F-1 student may be authorized for off-campus employment through Special Student Relief. These decisions are made by USCIS on a case-by-case basis and are typically reserved for unexpected situations beyond the student's control.
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Students with an F-1 visa must get work authorisation to work off-campus
International students in the US with an F-1 visa are permitted to work off-campus, but only after obtaining work authorisation. This involves meeting several requirements and restrictions.
Firstly, students must have completed at least one academic year, remaining in good academic standing throughout. Secondly, students must demonstrate an inability to secure on-campus employment or prove that the pay from available on-campus employment is insufficient to meet their financial needs. In addition, off-campus employment must be related to the student's area of study.
F-1 students may also be eligible for off-campus work in cases of severe economic hardship, which may include the loss of financial aid or on-campus employment, provided the student is not at fault. Such circumstances are defined by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as world events that affect a specific group of F-1 students, causing them to suffer severe economic hardship. Examples include natural disasters, wars, military conflicts, and international financial crises.
To obtain work authorisation, F-1 students must file Form I-765, "Application for Employment Authorization", and pay a fee to the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). If the application is approved, the student will receive a Form I-766, "Employment Authorization Document" (EAD), and can begin working off-campus. This authorisation is valid for one year, after which the student must re-apply if they wish to continue working off-campus.
It is important to note that the rules and requirements for off-campus employment may vary, and students should refer to the latest guidelines provided by the USCIS and their designated school officials.
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Students with a J-1 visa must get work authorisation to work off-campus
International students in Canada can work a maximum of 24 hours per week without a work permit. However, this rule does not apply to students in the US, whose work authorisations depend on their visa type. Students with a J-1 visa, for instance, must get work authorisation to work off-campus.
The J-1 visa is an Exchange Visitor non-immigrant visa for individuals approved to participate in work and study-based exchange programs. The visa is meant for individuals who intend to teach, instruct, lecture, study, observe, conduct research, consult, demonstrate special skills, or receive training or graduate medical education and training. The US Department of State plays a primary role in administering the J-1 exchange visitor program.
To obtain a J-1 visa, students must submit a Form DS-2019, Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor Status, which is provided by their sponsoring agency. After obtaining this form, they can apply for a J-1 visa through the US Department of State at a US Embassy or Consulate. The J-1 visa holder must be employed and conduct their exchange activities at the location(s) listed on their Form DS-2019. Paid employment is only permitted if it is an integral part of the exchange program.
In most cases, J-1 visa holders cannot accept paid employment outside of their sponsoring institution without prior authorisation. However, there are some exceptions. For example, J-1 exchange visitors in the Short-Term Scholar and Research Scholar/Professor categories may participate in occasional lectures and short-term consultations at off-campus locations with prior written authorisation from their sponsoring institution.
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International students in Canada can lose their status if they work over 24 hours a week
International students in Canada can now work up to 24 hours per week off-campus without requiring a work permit. This change came into effect on November 8, 2024, and is applicable during the academic term. Previously, international students were restricted to working a maximum of 20 hours per week while their academic term was in session. The updated policy gives students more financial flexibility while maintaining their academic focus.
To be eligible to work off-campus without a work permit, international students in Canada must meet certain requirements. These include being a full-time student enrolled in a full-time program at a designated learning institution (DLI) and holding a valid study permit that allows off-campus work. Students must also obtain a Social Insurance Number (SIN) before starting employment. It is important to note that working remotely for an employer outside of Canada does not count towards the 24-hour weekly limit, as long as the student complies with their study permit conditions.
International students in Canada should be mindful that working more than 24 hours per week is considered a violation of their study permit conditions. This could result in losing their student status and facing potential deportation. Additionally, future applications for study or work permits may be impacted. Therefore, it is crucial for international students to carefully monitor their working hours and ensure compliance with the regulations to maintain their status in Canada.
The Canadian government's decision to update the work hour limit demonstrates its commitment to supporting international students and creating a welcoming environment. By allowing up to 24 hours of work per week, students can earn income to cover tuition fees, living expenses, and other necessities while still prioritizing their academic pursuits. This balance between work and academics enhances Canada's appeal as a top study destination for international students seeking a well-rounded experience.
In conclusion, international students in Canada have the opportunity to work up to 24 hours per week off-campus without a work permit, starting from November 8, 2024. However, adhering to the 24-hour limit is crucial to maintaining student status and complying with the conditions set by the Canadian government. This policy change reflects Canada's support for international students' financial and professional needs while ensuring that their primary focus remains on academic success.
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Frequently asked questions
International students in the US can work up to 40 hours a week during the winter break if they are enrolled full-time and have valid F-1 status. However, they cannot work more than 35 hours a week. In Canada, international students can work unlimited hours during their breaks, including the winter break, as long as they are full-time students both before and after the break.
International students in the US can work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week when classes are in session and up to 40 hours per week during breaks.
International students in the US cannot work off-campus without meeting eligibility requirements and obtaining official authorization. Students in F1 status need to apply for "Curricular Practical Training" (CPT) to increase their maximum number of work hours to more than 20 hours per week.
International students in Canada can work off-campus for up to 24 hours per week without a work permit. They can work more than one job to make up these hours as long as they meet the conditions of their study permit. Working more than 24 hours per week is a violation of the permit.
To apply for an SSN, students must first attend a check-in and report their local address to the relevant office, such as the Global Education Office. After this, they can complete the employment verification form and get it signed by an advisor. With these documents, students can apply for an SSN.
