Janice Lozano
The Netherlands is the largest provider of English-taught study programmes in mainland Europe, with more than 2,100 international study programmes available. While a majority of international students indicate they would like to stay in the Netherlands after graduation, only slightly more than a third do so. This is due to a variety of factors, including the difficulty of finding a job as an international student. However, there are opportunities for international students to find employment in the Netherlands, such as through internships, part-time jobs, and the university alumni network.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| International students' preference to stay in the Netherlands after graduation | 66.67% |
| International students who actually stay in the Netherlands after graduation | 33.33% |
| The Netherlands' rank among providers of English-taught study programmes in mainland Europe | 1st |
| Number of international study programmes available in the Netherlands | 2100+ |
| Main job types for international students | Internships, Part-time jobs |
| Maximum number of working hours for part-time jobs | 16 hours per week |
| Minimum number of working hours for part-time jobs | 10 hours per week |
| Average hourly salary for part-time jobs | €11-€14 |
| Average monthly salary for internships | €500-€800 |
| Average number of hours required to reach a level of proficiency in Dutch | 500-600 |
| Visa requirement for EU citizens | None |
| Visa requirement for non-EU citizens | Residence permit |
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Internships
International students can undertake internships in the Netherlands, which can provide an opportunity to immerse themselves in Dutch culture and gain valuable work experience. There are various types of internships available, including academic internships, government and public sector internships, and cultural and arts internships. While many internships in the Netherlands are geared towards students, there are also opportunities for recent graduates and professionals.
To undertake an internship in the Netherlands as an international student, you may need a valid residence permit and a work permit, depending on your nationality and the duration of your stay. EU/EEA and Swiss citizens are exempt from these requirements and have free access to the Dutch labour market. For non-EU/EEA students, the work permit obligation still applies if they wish to undertake an internship alongside their studies. The work permit (in Dutch: "tewerkstellingsvergunning", often abbreviated to TWV) must be obtained by the employer or employment agency at least five weeks before the start of employment.
International students with a valid residence permit enrolled in a study program in the Netherlands do not need a work permit for an internship. However, for post-study internships and job opportunities, a post-study work permit is required. Students also need to sign a tri-party internship agreement co-signed by their employer and educational institution. Additionally, non-EU citizens can apply for an "Orientation Year Highly Educated Persons" or "Orientation Year Permit", which allows them to do an internship and/or have a paid or voluntary job for a year after graduation.
There are several ways to find internship opportunities in the Netherlands. University career services offices can help students find internships and provide advice on the application process. Online job boards such as Indeed.nl, Glassdoor.nl, and LinkedIn also list internship openings. Starting the search for internships at least six months in advance is recommended, and a compelling cover letter, a comprehensive CV, and relevant certifications can enhance an applicant's chances of success.
While knowing Dutch can be advantageous, many internships, especially in larger cities and multinational companies, are conducted in English, particularly in sectors like technology, finance, and international business. However, it is essential to check the language requirements specified in the internship description. Internships in the Netherlands can provide international students with valuable cultural and language immersion, enhancing their employability and providing a deeper understanding of the country's working environment.
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Part-time jobs
International students in the Netherlands can work part-time, but there are several factors to consider. Firstly, international students can only work a maximum of 16 hours per week while studying. An exception to this is during the summer months of June, July and August, when they are allowed to work full-time hours.
The type of visa and nationality will determine eligibility for part-time work. Non-EU students must obtain a work permit, which an employer can request on their behalf. This must be done at least five weeks before the intended start date of employment. International students must also have Dutch health insurance.
There are on-campus and off-campus part-time job opportunities for international students in the Netherlands. On-campus jobs can help students meet new people and improve their language skills. Off-campus jobs include internships and part-time roles in reputable companies, which can provide valuable work experience and networking opportunities.
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Work visas
International students can work in the Netherlands, but there are some important considerations and restrictions. Firstly, international students need a residence permit to study in the Netherlands, and this must be arranged by their educational institution. This permit does not give them the right to work for an employer in the Netherlands; they need an additional work permit for that. Their prospective employer must apply for this permit on their behalf through the organisation UWV. There are restrictions on the number of hours they can work with this permit.
However, international students with a residence permit for study can work as self-employed individuals without requiring a work permit, and there are no restrictions on work hours. It is important to note that once an international student starts working in the Netherlands, they are required to have Dutch public health insurance, regardless of the number of hours worked, tax status, or possession of an EU healthcare card.
For full-time students, there is an expectation to be available for all educational activities, including classes, group activities, and excursions, from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, Monday to Friday. Some international master's programmes are offered part-time, which allows students more time to work outside of their studies.
Finding employment as an international student in the Netherlands can be challenging. According to a survey, more than 60% of international students at EUR anticipate having "difficulty" or "great difficulty" securing a job in the country. Alumni from Dutch universities have shared their experiences, with some highlighting the importance of internships during their degree, even if not mandatory, and others emphasising the role of fate in presenting the right opportunities at the right time.
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Language barriers
International students in the Netherlands often face a variety of challenges, with one of the most significant being the language barrier. Although many Dutch people speak English fluently, it can be difficult for international students to communicate effectively in a foreign language, especially if they are not fluent in English. This can impact their ability to understand lectures, read academic texts, and communicate with locals.
The language barrier can also affect the ability of international students to find internships and job opportunities in the Netherlands. Some companies may prefer to hire native Dutch speakers, and not being fluent in Dutch can limit the number of available job options. International students may need to seek out language classes and exchange programs to improve their chances of finding employment.
Student associations are an important part of student life in the Netherlands, but the language barrier can make it difficult for international students to join and feel included. Many associations have traditions and customs that are specific to Dutch culture and can be easily lost in translation. Social events, in particular, can be challenging for international students, as they may feel like outsiders when Dutch is the primary language being spoken.
However, there are also student associations that actively work to include international students and bring them closer to Dutch students. The Erasmus Student Network (ESN), for example, has the goal of fostering connections between international and Dutch students. While there may be practical challenges, such as the effort required to translate documentation and other materials into English, Dutch student associations are encouraged to make an effort to include international students by speaking in English during social events.
Overall, while the language barrier is a significant challenge for international students in the Netherlands, it is not insurmountable. By taking proactive steps, such as seeking out language classes and inclusive student associations, international students can improve their language skills and feel more integrated into Dutch student life.
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Job market demand
The Netherlands is the largest provider of English-taught study programmes in mainland Europe, with more than 2,100 international study programmes available. However, most international students choose to pursue a career elsewhere. This could be due to the difficulty of finding a job in the country. According to a survey, more than 60% of international students expect to have "difficulty" or "great difficulty" finding a job in the Netherlands.
International students often face administrative challenges, especially when they are non-EU citizens. It can be difficult to obtain a residence permit in the Netherlands, and many organisations and activities do not cater to international students. There is also a mismatch between the degrees acquired by students and the demand on the job market. For example, only 7% pursue degrees in science and technology, while there is a high demand for jobs in this field in the Netherlands.
To increase their chances of finding a job, international students should gain work experience while studying. Part-time jobs are the best option for international students who wish to work while studying, as students can only work for a maximum of 16 hours per week during the semester. In the summer months, students can work full-time. International students can also gain work experience through internships, which are often a mandatory course requirement. Students do not need a work permit for internships, and the monthly salary is sufficient to cover living expenses. However, internships typically don't pay much, and international interns may have to pay for health insurance, which can be a significant financial obstacle.
Another way to gain work experience is through traineeships, which are designed to introduce new graduates to a job position. Traineeships can be paid or unpaid, and employers must apply for a single work permit on the student's behalf. International students can also take advantage of their university's alumni network to find job opportunities. Additionally, learning at least the basics of Dutch can help attract more high-paying jobs and integrate better into Dutch culture.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, international students can get jobs in the Netherlands. However, a survey conducted by EM found that more than 60% of international students expect to have "difficulty" or "great difficulty" finding a job in the country. International students who graduate from Dutch universities are granted an orientation year, which allows them to find work without needing a work permit.
The two main job types for students in the Netherlands are internships and part-time jobs. Internships are often a mandatory course requirement for bachelor's or master's programs, and students receive a tax-free stipend of between €500 to €800 per month. Part-time jobs in the Netherlands typically require students to work for 10-15 hours per week, and salaries range from €11 to €14 per hour.
Yes, the visa requirements depend on whether the student is an EU or non-EU citizen. EU citizens do not need a residence permit or student visa to work in the Netherlands, but they must register with the municipality upon arrival if they plan to stay long-term. Non-EU citizens must obtain a residence permit if they plan to stay in the country for more than three months, and they may also need a work permit.
Some tips for international students seeking to find a job in the Netherlands include gaining work experience while studying, staying proactive and networking within university departments, and keeping their CV updated. Additionally, learning at least the basics of the Dutch language can help attract more job opportunities and facilitate cultural integration.
