Applying To Us Universities: A Guide For Foreign Students

Applying to US universities as a foreign student can be challenging, with many steps to follow, but it's certainly possible. The first step is to decide which universities you want to apply to, taking into account factors such as GPA and SAT/ACT scores, acceptance rates, fees, and your chances of getting in. Once you have your list, you'll need to get your transcript evaluated, prepare letters of recommendation, and ensure you meet the language requirements, usually by taking a standardized test like IELTS or TOEFL. You'll also need to take other standardized tests like the SAT or ACT, and possibly subject-specific tests. Then, you can start sending off your applications, which will require additional documents such as personal statements, proof of financing, and a copy of your passport. After that, it's a matter of waiting for a response and, if you're successful, applying for your student visa.

Researching US universities

The US has the world's largest international student population, with more than a million foreign students enrolling annually. The US remains the top choice for students seeking higher education abroad.

Where to Start Your Research

You can start your research on how to study in the USA online at the U.S. Department of Education College Navigator site, where you can search for associate’s, bachelor’s, and advanced degrees (i.e. master’s and doctorates). Other sites, like College Board’s Big Future, provide ways to search for undergraduate US colleges and universities across many different programs, features, or characteristics.

College Rankings

To help you find top colleges for international students, take a look at college rankings. Many countries have official government lists that rate the top universities in their own nations (e.g., league tables in the UK). However, in the United States, there are no public standardized college rankings. Instead, there are several private companies that measure and rank colleges in the USA. One of the most recognizable ranking systems, U.S. News & World Report’s Best Colleges, ranks universities and colleges in many categories, including Top Universities for International Students.

Other popular college ranking lists include Forbes, The Princeton Review, and Times Higher Education. Foreign students in the US can use rankings to see which colleges provide a quality education. But remember: rankings should not be the only criteria you use to choose a university.

Contact a College Advisor

Speaking to a US higher education expert can help you learn more about how to study in the USA and find colleges that match your academic interests, personal preferences, and professional plans. EducationUSA, the U.S. Department of State’s network, has over 430 educational advising centers in more than 175 countries and territories, so you can easily access support and guidance.

University Fairs

If you want to meet American universities’ representatives in person, you can attend college or university fairs in your city, town, or school featuring several US higher education institutions. There may also be virtual webinars with university experts that you can attend online from home.

Standardised tests

Undergraduate Tests

For undergraduate programmes, the most common standardised tests are the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the American College Testing (ACT). The SAT focuses on mathematics, grammar, and analytical writing skills, while the ACT focuses more on verbal skills and understanding of the specific test questions. The choice between the two depends on the student's aptitude and areas of strength. Some universities may require students to take both.

Graduate Tests

For graduate programmes, the standardised tests required will depend on the specific degree programme. The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) are the most common. The GRE is usually required for liberal arts, science, and math programmes, while the GMAT is typically required for business school and MBA programmes.

English Proficiency Tests

In addition to the above, international students are usually required to take an English proficiency test such as the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) or the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). These tests measure reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills in English. The IELTS gives a final score between 0 and 9, while the TOEFL has a maximum score of 120.

Other Tests

There are also other standardised tests that may be required depending on the specific programme and university. These include the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) for law schools, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) for medical schools, the Dental Admission Testing Program (DAT) for dental schools, the Optometry Admission Testing Program (OAT), and the Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT).

It is important to check the specific requirements of the universities and programmes to which you are applying, as the required tests may vary.

English language tests

English language proficiency is a crucial requirement for foreign students applying to US universities. To assess this, universities rely on standardised English language tests that evaluate reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills. The following are the most widely accepted English language tests:

• Cambridge Assessment English (CAE): The C1 Advanced test is designed and administered by the University of Cambridge. It assesses advanced English language proficiency and is recognised by over 9,000 institutions worldwide. The test is divided into four sections: Reading and Use of English, Writing, Listening, and Speaking.
• Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL): TOEFL is the most widely respected English language test, recognised by more than 9,000 institutions. It measures the ability to understand and use English in a university context, including listening, reading, speaking, and writing skills. The TOEFL iBT (internet-based test) is the preferred version for most US universities.
• International English Language Testing System (IELTS): IELTS is designed to assess the English language proficiency of non-native speakers for admission to higher education. It tests listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills. There are two versions: the Academic Module for students seeking higher education, and the General Training Module for secondary education or vocational training.

Other English language tests that are growing in acceptance include the iTEP, PTE Academic, Duolingo English Test, and Cambridge English Qualifications B1 Preliminary and B2 First.

When choosing an English language test, it is important to consider the requirements of the universities you are applying to, as well as your own skills and preferences. Some universities may have specific test requirements or minimum score requirements, so it is essential to check with the admissions offices in advance. Additionally, preparing for the test by practising, familiarising yourself with the exam structure, and utilising resources can enhance your performance and boost your confidence.

Student visas

To study in the US as an international student, you need to obtain a student visa. The type of visa you need depends on the nature of your studies.

F-1 Visa

The F-1 visa is for full-time international students pursuing academic studies at a US college or university. It permits you to work part-time on campus for a maximum of 20 hours per week when your academic term is in session. F-1 visa students may be eligible to work off-campus during their first year on a case-by-case basis, for instance, due to financial hardship. After the first year, F-1 visa students may engage in certain types of off-campus work, including Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT).

J-1 Visa

The J-1 exchange visitor visa is for foreign nationals who have been approved to take part in work-and-study-based exchange programs. Examples include visiting scholars, camp counselors, au pairs, and research assistants. On a J-1 visa, you may be authorised to work part-time on campus according to the terms of your visa or off-campus after receiving permission from the responsible officer mentioned on your DS-2019 form. The duration of work may be limited to a maximum of 18 months (or for PhD students, a maximum of 36 months).

M-1 Visa

The M-1 visa is for full-time international students pursuing vocational studies. On an M-1 visa, you are allowed to engage in practical training only after completing your studies, and any off-campus work should be related to your studies and approved by your Designated School Official. You will need an Employment Authorised Document (EAD) before starting work and can only work for a maximum of six months.

Application Process

To apply for a student visa, you must first be accepted by one of the universities you have applied to. The university will provide you with an important document, either an I-20 or DS-2019 form, depending on your visa type. After receiving this form, you can begin the visa application process, which includes paying the relevant fees, scheduling and attending a visa interview, and gathering the required documentation.

Application forms

• Most US universities allow international students to submit their applications online, along with supporting documents.
• International students typically apply through each university's website or a third-party system like the Common App, which is accepted by over 1,000 colleges.
• It is essential to be aware of application deadlines, as submissions are often required well in advance. Missing a deadline may result in your application being denied or placed on a waiting list.
• US universities usually have their own admissions criteria, but several common requirements are shared.
• Generally, American universities require the following from international student applicants:
• Personal information, including a copy of a valid passport.
• Standardized test scores (e.g., SAT, ACT).
• English proficiency test scores (TOEFL, IELTS, iTEP, PTE Academic).
• Information on extracurricular activities.
• Proof of financing or financial aid.
• A resume or CV.
• Letters of recommendation.
• Personal statements or essays.
• For graduate student applications, you may also need:
• Academic transcripts from your bachelor's degree studies.
• A statement of purpose.
• Recommendations from professors.
• Some colleges and universities may also require an interview, which could be conducted by staff or alumni, either on-campus or via video conferencing.
• It is important to note that application requirements may vary for international students applying to graduate programs, and some documents may need to be translated into English.

Additional Considerations:

• Allow yourself sufficient time to research the institutions and programs that align with your academic and professional goals.
• Remember to take into account the time needed to request recommendations, transcripts, and prepare for any required entrance exams or standardised tests.
• Start the application process early to avoid rushing and ensure you meet all deadlines.
• Be mindful of any application fees, as these can vary between universities.
• If you require a student visa, ensure you allow enough time for this process, as it often involves additional steps and interviews.

The application process for international students can be challenging, but with careful planning, organisation, and timely execution, you can successfully navigate it.

Frequently asked questions