Savanna Hoffman
Applying to college as an international student can be challenging, with many steps to follow and a lot of variation in admissions requirements across institutions. However, with careful research and preparation, it is possible to gain admission to a US college as an international student. The first step is to identify colleges that are a good fit academically and socially, and then to research each institution's specific requirements for international students, including minimum scores for standardized tests such as the SAT or ACT, and English language proficiency exams such as the TOEFL or IELTS. In addition to academic qualifications, US colleges also consider extracurricular activities and personal achievements when evaluating international applicants.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of international students in the US | Over 1 million |
| Considerations | Public or private institutions, size of the school, academic programs, geographic location, campus life, community, resources for international students, financial considerations |
| Application components | Academic and social factors, retention rates, diversity, housing, career development, admitted student data, visa application |
| Application strategy | Research, academic and extracurricular experience, research, community engagement, school leadership |
| Standardized tests | SAT, ACT, TOEFL, IELTS |
| Popular areas of study | Business, engineering, math, computer science, health professions, fine and applied arts, social sciences, physical and life sciences |
| Application process | Understanding college admission trends, creating a list of schools, checking each institution's specific requirements for international students, preparing financially |
| School choices | Target schools with a robust international population, consider underrepresented fields |
| School research | Rankings of university programs, curriculum, opportunities, outcomes, alumni testimonials |
| Application timeline | Start well ahead of deadlines, account for unexpected delays |
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What You'll Learn
Application timelines and deadlines
The timeline for the international student’s college application process is different for each student and will depend on your top-choice schools' application deadlines. It's important to start the US university application process well ahead of the deadlines to account for unexpected delays.
The application process itself is made up of several components, including some that are specific to international students. It is important to research each institution's specific requirements for international students.
You should also consider building your applicant profile throughout secondary school – the earlier you start preparing, the better. Understanding the latest college admission trends will help you manage your expectations about the process.
Many colleges require international students to submit an English as a second language exam, such as the TOEFL, IELTS or Duolingo, to demonstrate their proficiency in English. If you choose to take a standardised exam, it is recommended to take a diagnostic of both the ACT and SAT so you can decide which test is the best fit for you. Then, build your test prep strategy and start practising. You may need to take the test more than once to reach your goal score, so allow yourself plenty of time for this process.
Once you have identified which schools are the best fit for you, check their minimum score requirements for these tests. Highly competitive institutions typically require a higher score. For example, the University of Arizona requires a minimum score of 70 on the TOEFL for most bachelor’s degree programs, while Cornell University requires a minimum score of 100.
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Researching colleges and programs
As an international student, you will have a lot of options to choose from when it comes to colleges and universities in the USA. This includes public or private institutions, the size of the school, academic programs, geographic location, campus life, community, and resources for international students.
Academic Programs
When researching academic programs, you should consider the type of degree program you want to pursue and how it aligns with your future career goals. If you already have a specific major in mind, you can narrow down universities that offer strong programs in that area. For example, if you want to study engineering, look for schools with strong STEM programs. University rankings can also help you make informed decisions, as they provide insights into the quality of specific programs. Several organizations, including Forbes and Times Higher Education, rank universities in the US, allowing you to identify institutions that excel in your area of interest.
Geographic Location
The geographic location of the college or university is another important consideration. You may prefer a bustling city or a quaint college town, depending on your personal preferences. Additionally, the cost of living varies significantly across different locations in the US, so it's essential to factor in financial considerations when making your decision.
Size of the School
The size of the school can also impact your experience as an international student. Larger universities may offer more diverse opportunities and a broader range of programs, while smaller colleges might provide a more intimate learning environment and closer-knit communities.
Financial Considerations
Financing an international education can be challenging. Public institutions typically have lower tuition costs than private schools, but scholarships, financial aid resources, and international student loans can help you manage your finances. Additionally, community colleges offer a great education at a fraction of the cost for the first two years, providing a more affordable pathway to a US degree.
Application Timelines
US colleges and universities usually offer Fall and Spring terms, with some also providing a Summer term for specific programs. The Fall term generally starts in August or September and ends in December, while the Spring term runs from January to May. The Summer term, if available, is usually very short and takes place in July.
International Student Requirements
Remember to check each institution's specific requirements for international students, as you may need to submit English proficiency test scores (such as TOEFL or IELTS) and navigate the student visa application process. Additionally, some universities may charge international student application fees, so it's important to factor that into your budget.
Extracurricular Activities
US colleges often use a holistic admissions process, considering not just grades and test scores but also your extracurricular activities, personal achievements, and community engagement. Therefore, building a compelling extracurricular profile can enhance your application and increase your chances of admission.
Online Resources
Online forums and platforms, such as r/ApplyingToCollege on Reddit, provide valuable advice and support for international students navigating the college application process. These communities offer guidance on various aspects, including college essays, scholarships, application advice, and career guidance. Additionally, virtual tours and information sessions offered by universities can be excellent resources for international students who cannot visit campuses in person.
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English language proficiency tests
As an international student, you may be required to take an English language proficiency test as part of your college application process. This is to demonstrate your proficiency in English and ability to communicate in an academic setting. Many US colleges require international students to submit an English as a second language exam.
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
The TOEFL is an American English test that is widely accepted by US universities. It is offered in two formats: internet-based (iBT) and paper-based (pBT). The test is scored out of 120, with each section worth 30 points. There is no passing mark, as the required score depends on the university. Generally, more competitive institutions will require a higher score.
International English Language Testing System (IELTS)
The IELTS is a British English test that is widely accepted in the US, Canada, and the UK. It is recognised by over 10,000 organisations worldwide. The IELTS offers three testing options: online, in-person on paper, or in-person using a computer. The IELTS has two types: Academic, which is used by universities, and General Training, which is used for migration or work purposes.
Duolingo English Test
The Duolingo English Test is a shorter option that includes an interview. It is a fun way to practice and build your English skills, and it is accepted by a number of US universities.
Pearson PTE
The Pearson PTE is a two-hour computer-based exam accepted by several US universities.
Cambridge Exams
The Cambridge exams use the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) to measure a candidate's language ability. This framework uses a six-point scale (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2) to assess a candidate's proficiency.
It is important to research the specific requirements of the colleges you are interested in, as some may not require English language proficiency tests, while others may have minimum score requirements.
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Standardised tests and scores
Standardised tests are a crucial component of the college application process for international students. Most US colleges and universities require undergraduate and graduate students to take one or more standardised admission tests. These tests are designed to assess the abilities of students from diverse educational backgrounds and institutions. While the specific tests and scores required may vary across institutions, here's an overview of the commonly accepted standardised tests and scoring criteria for international students:
Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT)
The SAT is a widely recognised standardised test for college admissions in the United States. It is a digital exam that evaluates your academic performance, with a strong emphasis on mathematics, grammar, and analytical writing skills. The SAT consists of two sections: math and reading and writing. The total score ranges from 400 to 1600 points. While the exact SAT score requirements differ among institutions, achieving a higher score generally enhances your application.
American College Testing (ACT)
The ACT is another prevalent standardised test for college admissions. It assesses students in four sections: English, mathematics, science, and reading. The ACT is scored on a scale of 1 to 36, with each section contributing to the overall score. Similar to the SAT, colleges and universities typically set their own minimum ACT score requirements. Therefore, it is essential to review the specific ACT score expectations of your desired institutions.
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
The TOEFL is an English proficiency test commonly required for international students applying to US colleges and universities. It evaluates your academic English skills in reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The TOEFL iBT (Internet-based Test) is available in paper-and-pencil or computer format and takes approximately two hours to complete. The TOEFL exam is typically required for undergraduate and graduate programs to ensure that international students possess the necessary English proficiency to succeed in their academic programs. Each institution sets its own minimum TOEFL score requirement, with scores ranging from 0 to 120.
International English Language Testing System (IELTS)
The IELTS is another widely accepted English proficiency test, recognised by many US colleges and universities. It assesses your English language comprehension and proficiency through four sections: reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The IELTS is scored on a scale of 0 to 9 in each section, and the final score is calculated by averaging the scores from each section. Similar to the TOEFL, the IELTS is a way for international students to demonstrate their English proficiency and meet the language requirements of their desired academic programs.
Graduate Standardised Tests
For graduate school admissions, there are additional standardised tests that are specific to certain fields. These include the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) for business schools and MBA programs, the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) for law schools, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) for medical schools, and the Dental Admission Testing Program (DAT) for dental schools. Each of these tests assesses the knowledge and skills specific to the respective graduate program, and institutions will have their own minimum score requirements for admission.
In addition to these standardised tests, international students should also be prepared to submit their college applications, essays, references, transcripts, work experience, and other supporting documents. It is essential to carefully research the specific testing and score requirements of the colleges and universities you plan to apply to, as these requirements can vary.
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Extracurricular activities and achievements
Extracurricular activities are an important aspect of a college application, especially for international students applying to US colleges, as they make up a significant 30% of your overall application. US colleges tend to use a holistic admissions process, which takes into account not just grades and test scores, but also a student's extracurricular activities and achievements.
When considering extracurricular activities, it is important to remember that they can be anything that falls outside the scope of a regular curriculum. They can include a wide range of activities, such as:
- Sports
- Music
- Art
- Clubs and societies (academic, hobby and interest-based, service and community engagement, cultural and identity-based)
- Volunteering
- Internships
- Hobbies
- Creative projects
When choosing extracurricular activities to participate in, it is important to consider the skills and qualities that colleges are looking for. Admissions officers view extracurricular involvement as a reflection of a student's character, interests, and potential. They are typically looking for:
- Consistency: Sustained participation in an activity demonstrates commitment and passion.
- Leadership: Positions of responsibility highlight leadership skills.
- Impact: Meaningful contributions, such as initiating projects, indicate initiative and dedication.
- Diversity of experiences: A variety of activities showcases adaptability and a well-rounded personality.
In addition to developing important skills and qualities, extracurricular activities can also provide students with valuable experiences and opportunities that can strengthen their future professional opportunities. For example, internships can provide real-world experience and demonstrate proactivity and dedication towards a student's intended field of study. Competitions can showcase expertise and passion for particular subjects, as well as providing evidence of determination, strategic thinking, and the ability to handle pressure.
When researching extracurricular activities, there are many resources available to help students discover opportunities that match their interests and goals. These include virtual work experience and internship programs, research opportunities, and prestigious competitions.
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Frequently asked questions
Applying to colleges in the US as an international student can be challenging due to the many steps involved. The process can be confusing, especially since application processes differ from country to country. However, there are many resources available to help international students navigate the process. The first step is to research colleges and universities and decide on the type of degree program you want to pursue. You should also consider factors such as academic programs, geographic location, campus life, and resources for international students. Once you have a list of potential universities, you can start contacting admissions officers to learn more about the application process for international students and gather information about foreign student admission, estimated costs, and required documents.
The requirements for international students vary depending on the school and program. In general, international students are evaluated holistically, meaning that admissions committees consider not just grades and test scores, but also the student’s extracurricular activities and achievements outside of academics. Many colleges require international students to submit English proficiency exam scores, such as the TOEFL, IELTS, or Duolingo. Additionally, standardized tests like the SAT or ACT are often required or favored by colleges. Finally, international students will need to navigate the visa application process, with the two main types of student visas being the F-1 visa for academic institutions and the M-1 visa for vocational institutions.
One strategy for improving your odds of acceptance is to target schools with robust international populations and apply with an interest in underrepresented fields. Over 50% of international students apply to colleges with an interest in math, computer science, engineering, or business, so applying in a less saturated subject can help you stand out. Building a strong applicant profile throughout secondary school is also important, and the earlier you start preparing, the better. This includes developing a compelling extracurricular profile with research, community engagement work, and school leadership. Finally, taking advantage of in-person or virtual tours and information sessions can help you learn more about the colleges you're considering.
