Savanna Hoffman
International students often seek ways to earn money during their studies, and one common question is whether it is permissible to sell items. While international students on F1 visas in the US are typically not allowed to work off-campus in their first year, there are various ways to legally boost their income, such as on-campus jobs, internships, and freelancing. Students can also sell their own personal items, whether online or at local garage sales, without making a business out of it. However, it is important to be aware of the regulations and consult a lawyer to ensure compliance.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| F1 visa rules | Rules and regulations can change at any time, so it is best to consult a lawyer |
| On-campus employment | Allowed for up to 20 hours per week during the semester and full-time during school breaks |
| Off-campus employment | Not allowed in the first year of studies. After the first year, F1 students can work up to 20 hours in a job related to their field of study |
| Severe Economic Hardship Employment | Allows F1 students to work off-campus part-time if they are experiencing financial hardship due to unforeseen circumstances |
| Curricular Practical Training (CPT) | Allows F1 students to participate in internships directly related to their field of study |
| Optional Practical Training (OPT) | Allows F1 students to work full-time or part-time in the US in a job related to their field of study |
| Owning a business | Allowed on a student visa, but you cannot work for it |
| Selling own items | Allowed, but it should not become a "business" |
| Selling items created | Allowed |
| Selling items imported from the home country | Allowed |
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What You'll Learn
F-1 visa restrictions
F-1 visa holders are non-immigrant students authorised to pursue a full-time course of study at an accredited academic institution in the US. They are subject to strict rules and regulations regarding their employment and income opportunities while in the country.
According to US immigration law, F-1 visa holders cannot be found "engaging in business". However, there are some ways to work around this stipulation. The law does not directly prevent an F-1 visa holder from establishing a business. Starting a business is considered “preliminary business planning” and not "engagement". Once the business plan is enacted and the business is fully established, the F-1 visa holder must cease any engagement in the running of the company. They are not allowed to conduct business activities or receive compensation or a salary.
F-1 visa holders can sell their own personal items, such as clothes, furniture, or electronics. They can also sell items that they create, such as art, jewellery, or crafts. Additionally, they can sell items that they import from their home country, as long as they are not prohibited items such as alcohol or tobacco.
F-1 visa holders can also generate passive income through various means. They can invest in the stock market, bonds, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), or other securities. They can also purchase property in the US and rent it out or sell it after a certain period to benefit from the increase in its value. However, they cannot be actively involved in the property's management. F-1 visa holders are considered non-resident aliens for tax purposes and are subject to a flat 30% withholding tax on their US-source passive income unless they qualify for a reduced rate or exemption under a tax treaty. They are required to file a US tax return (Form 1040-NR) and report their worldwide income to the IRS annually.
It is important to note that the rules and regulations regarding F-1 visas can change, and it is always best to consult with a lawyer to ensure compliance with the latest regulations.
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On-campus employment
International students with an F1 visa are allowed to work on campus for a limited number of hours. This includes working in the university library, dining services, or as a teaching assistant. F1 visa holders can work up to 20 hours per week during the semester and full-time (40 hours) during school breaks. While these jobs may not be high-paying, they are an excellent way to supplement your income and gain valuable experience.
There are a few restrictions on what F1 students can do with their work permits. For example, students cannot work for a company that directly produces goods or services that compete with the products or services of their home country. Additionally, F1 visa holders are considered non-resident aliens for tax purposes and are subject to a flat 30% withholding tax on their US-source passive income. They are also required to file a US tax return and report their worldwide income to the IRS annually.
It is important to note that running a business on a platform like Shopify might be considered a grey area as it may not fall under the category of on-campus employment. Before engaging in any business activities, it is crucial to consult with a designated school official and ensure that your activities comply with the regulations of your F1 visa.
In conclusion, on-campus employment is a viable option for F1 international students seeking to supplement their income and gain valuable work experience. However, it is essential to stay informed about the legal regulations and restrictions surrounding student work and always prioritize academic studies.
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Online sales
If you are an international student, you may be able to sell items online, but this depends on the country you are studying in, the type of visa you hold, and the nature of the sales.
In the United States, holders of F-1 visas are prohibited from working, which means that selling goods online as a business is not allowed. However, occasional sales of personal items or creations are generally acceptable. For example, you could sell your art, jewellery, or crafts online or at a local craft fair. You could also sell items that are not available in the US but can be found in your home country.
In Canada, it is illegal to work without a work permit, and this includes selling goods online. However, it is possible to continue selling items in your home country while studying in Canada, as long as you are not selling within Canada.
It is important to consult the specific laws and regulations of your host country, as well as seeking advice from a lawyer, to ensure that you are complying with all relevant rules.
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Importing goods from home country
International students can sell things they import from their home country. However, there are rules and regulations that must be followed, and these vary depending on the country. In the United States, for example, import duties are imposed on goods brought into the country to protect local industries, raise revenue, and control trade. These duties are determined by the value and classification of the goods, with rates and regulations differing by country and product type.
When importing goods from your home country, it is important to be aware of any applicable duties, fees, and taxes that may apply. Commercial importations, for example, are subject to entry requirements and payment of applicable duties, fees, and taxes. Additionally, specific regulations of agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service must be met.
It is also important to note that certain goods may be prohibited or restricted from importation. For instance, household effects such as clothing, jewelry, photography equipment, portable radios, and vehicles are considered personal effects and cannot be brought into the United States duty-free as household effects.
To ensure compliance with all relevant laws and regulations, it is recommended to consult official government sources and seek legal advice specific to your situation.
- Research the specific regulations and requirements for importing goods into the country you are in. This includes understanding any duties, fees, and taxes that may apply, as well as any restricted or prohibited items.
- Obtain the necessary documentation, such as a commercial invoice detailing the transaction, value of the goods, and terms of sale. Other documents may include a bill of lading or an airway bill, which serves as a shipment receipt.
- Familiarize yourself with the procedures for clearing customs. Goods imported by international postal service, courier service, or freight carriers will need to clear customs, and duties and fees may apply.
- Be prepared to declare any goods you are bringing in. This includes items you acquired abroad, alterations made to existing items, and any gifts you received while outside the country.
- Consult with a lawyer or a customs broker to ensure you are complying with all applicable laws and regulations. They can guide you through the process and help you avoid any costly problems or delays.
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Internships
International students can do internships in the US. However, eligibility for internships is based on the visa status of the international student. Most international students hold an F-1 visa, which allows for optional practical training (OPT) during or after completing their academic program. Students coming to the US solely for an internship will likely need to enter on a J-1 visa.
International students can take advantage of on-campus career fairs and job boards to connect with employers near their university. Many organizations attending career fairs and listing offers on job boards work with universities to provide internship or entry-level opportunities that help students gain professional experience. Students can also join professional associations for a small annual fee to network and find job boards with industry-specific internship opportunities.
To find internships, students can use internship search websites such as LinkedIn, Glassdoor, and Idealist.org. Students can also directly email and message international students that have internships and jobs. It is important to build a strong resume and cover letter, and to prepare for interviews by practicing common interview questions.
International students should also understand the legal requirements related to work authorization, such as Optional Practical Training (OPT) regulations, and stay updated on any changes to immigration policies that may affect their ability to work as an international student.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, international students can sell their own personal items, things they create, or items they import from their home country. However, they should not make a business out of it, as this may violate their visa status.
You can sell your items online or at a local garage sale. Facebook Marketplace or your neighbourhood Facebook group are good places to start.
Yes, you can sell art, jewellery, or crafts. You can sell these online or at a local craft fair.
Yes, you may be able to sell items that are not available in your host country. You can sell them online or at a local ethnic market.
Yes, you can sell your own stuff on eBay or Amazon. However, you cannot make a business out of it, and you should not rely on this as your main source of income.
