
International students with F-1 visas can accept on-campus employment without requiring additional authorization, provided they are enrolled full-time and maintaining their status. They may work up to 20 hours per week during school terms and full-time during annual breaks or when school is not in session. F-1 students may also be eligible for off-campus employment after their first academic year or in cases of severe economic hardship. On-campus employment cannot continue beyond the end date listed on Form I-20, which is issued by a U.S. government-approved educational institution and certifies a student's admission to a full-time study program. This form is required for nonimmigrant students seeking to change their status to F-1 and must be presented upon entering the country.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Student visa type | F-1, M-1, J-1 |
| Form I-20 issuance | Up to 365 days before the course of study start date |
| Form I-20 requirements | Proof of admission to a full-time study program, sufficient financial resources to stay in the U.S., and valid student visa status |
| On-campus employment eligibility | F-1 and J-1 students are eligible for on-campus employment |
| On-campus employment conditions | F-1 students can work up to 20 hours per week during the school term and full-time during annual breaks |
| Off-campus employment | F-1 students may not work off-campus during the first academic year but may engage in off-campus employment after the first year with certain restrictions |
| Employment authorization | On-campus employment does not require USCIS approval, but F-1 students must comply with guidelines to maintain their status |
| CPT authorization | CPT authorization allows work for a specific employer and dates, with part-time or full-time options; it does not affect OPT eligibility |
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What You'll Learn
- F-1 students can work on-campus up to 20 hours per week
- J-1 EV students must obtain authorization from their immigration sponsor
- F-1 students may be eligible for post-completion practical training
- On-campus employment cannot continue beyond the end date on Form I-20
- F-1 students can accept on-campus employment without Office of International Services authorization

F-1 students can work on-campus up to 20 hours per week
F-1 students are permitted to work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week while school is in session. This limit applies to the total work hours across all jobs, and students must ensure they do not exceed this limit. F-1 students can work full-time during annual vacations or when school is not in session.
It is important to note that F-1 students must maintain their status and follow specific guidelines for on-campus employment. They can work at any qualifying on-campus job that does not displace a US citizen or LPR. To receive a Social Security number, F-1 students should report their work and obtain a certification letter. Non-compliance with these guidelines may result in the student having to leave the country.
Before changing jobs, F-1 students should consult their Designated School Official (DSO) to ensure that the new position qualifies as on-campus employment and that their SEVIS record is updated. In the case of emergent circumstances, as announced by the Secretary of DHS, an exception can be made, allowing students to work more than 20 hours per week. However, this requires proper endorsement on the student's Form I-20.
F-1 students can accept on-campus employment immediately without additional authorization. However, off-campus employment during the first academic year is not permitted. After the first year, F-1 students can engage in off-campus employment under specific conditions, such as STEM Optional Practical Training Extension (OPT) or due to severe economic hardship. Off-campus employment must be authorized by the DSO and related to the student's area of study.
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J-1 EV students must obtain authorization from their immigration sponsor
International students with F-1 and J-1 status are eligible to accept on-campus employment, provided they are meeting full-time enrollment requirements and maintaining their status. While F-1 students can accept on-campus employment immediately and without any additional authorization, J-1 EV students must obtain authorization from their immigration sponsor before beginning on-campus employment.
If you are a J-1 EV student, you must report your on-campus job to your immigration sponsor and obtain authorization for the employment on your DS-2019 before your first day of work. If you are sponsored by the University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), submit the On-Campus Employment E-Form in myOIS. If you are sponsored by a third-party organization, such as IIE, contact your sponsor directly to confirm your on-campus employment eligibility and the process to obtain authorization.
Academic Training (AT) is a work authorization that allows J-1 EV students to participate in off-campus training experiences, paid or unpaid, that are directly related to their major field of study. AT authorization must be obtained on your DS-2019 before beginning any training or work. To secure AT authorization, you must first secure an offer from a training host and discuss a realistic start date. Under the advisement of your academic department or career center, interview for a training experience related to your major. During the interview, you can explain that you are eligible to work in the U.S. under AT authorization, assuming you meet all eligibility requirements.
To maintain your immigration status as a J-1 EV student, you must show adequate health insurance coverage during your Immigration Check-In with the Office of International Services (OIS) and notify OIS if your coverage changes. Additionally, you must always maintain accurate academic information in your SEVIS record and on your Form DS-2019. If you plan to transfer to a different school, you must request a transfer of your SEVIS record to the new institution.
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F-1 students may be eligible for post-completion practical training
F-1 students are eligible for post-completion practical training, also known as Optional Practical Training (OPT). OPT allows students to gain valuable work experience related to their field of study. This training can be undertaken in two ways:
Pre-completion OPT
F-1 students may apply for pre-completion OPT after being lawfully enrolled full-time for one academic year at a college, university, conservatory, or seminary certified by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) to enroll F-1 students. Students can work up to 20 hours per week while school is in session and full-time when school is out of session.
Post-completion OPT
F-1 students may apply for post-completion OPT after completing their studies. This option provides an opportunity for students to continue working after graduation. To be eligible, students must not have their F-1 status and employment authorization expire before the change of status to H-1B, typically occurring on October 1. Additionally, students with a degree in certain Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields may apply for a 24-month extension of their post-completion OPT employment authorization if they meet specific criteria.
To initiate the OPT process, students must request that their Designated School Official (DSO) recommend OPT by endorsing their Form I-20, "Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status." The DSO will also make the appropriate notation in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS). Following the DSO's recommendation, students must apply for work authorization by submitting Form I-765, "Application for Employment Authorization," to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and paying the associated fee. USCIS will then issue an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) upon approval, and students must not commence work until they receive this document.
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On-campus employment cannot continue beyond the end date on Form I-20
International students in F-1 and J-1 status are eligible to accept on-campus employment, provided they are meeting full-time enrollment requirements and otherwise maintaining their status. F-1 students can accept on-campus employment immediately and without any additional authorization. However, on-campus employment cannot continue beyond the end date on Form I-20.
Form I-20, also known as the "Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status", is issued by a Designated School Official (DSO). It is a crucial document for F-1 and M-1 nonimmigrant students, certifying their eligibility to pursue academic or vocational studies in the United States. The form includes a “Program End Date" field, which signifies the latest date by which the student must complete their academic program. This date is critical for employment authorization, as it represents the expiration of the student's authorization to work on campus.
F-1 students are subject to specific employment guidelines. They may work up to 20 hours per week while school is in session and full-time during school breaks or annual vacations. To continue working on campus after the program end date, F-1 students must be continuing their education at the next program level at the same school.
J-1 EV students, on the other hand, must obtain authorization from their immigration sponsor and report their on-campus job before starting work. This authorization is obtained via their DS-2019 form, which is similar to Form I-20.
In conclusion, the end date on Form I-20 is a critical milestone for international students' on-campus employment. Students must be mindful of this date and plan their employment and academic pursuits accordingly. Staying employed on campus beyond this date is not permissible, and students must either transition to a new program or explore other employment options to maintain their legal status in the United States.
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F-1 students can accept on-campus employment without Office of International Services authorization
International students with F-1 status can accept on-campus employment without prior authorization from the Office of International Services. However, they must meet certain conditions and restrictions. Firstly, F-1 students can only work on-campus if they are enrolled full-time and maintaining their status. Secondly, they are limited to working up to 20 hours per week while school is in session and can work full-time during school breaks.
F-1 students must also ensure that their on-campus employment does not displace a US citizen or lawful permanent resident (LPR). To comply with this requirement, students should receive a certification letter from their employer, which they can present to the Social Security Administration to obtain a Social Security number. Failure to adhere to these guidelines may result in a violation of status, potentially leading to the student having to leave the United States.
It is important to note that F-1 students are generally not allowed to work off-campus during their first academic year. After the first year, they may engage in off-campus employment under specific circumstances, such as severe economic hardship or special student relief. To qualify for off-campus employment, students must demonstrate that on-campus employment is unavailable or insufficient to meet their financial needs due to unexpected circumstances. Off-campus employment authorization is valid for one year or until the completion of the program, whichever comes first.
F-1 students who wish to work off-campus must first obtain authorization from the Designated School Official (DSO) and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). They must file a Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, within 30 days, along with the required fees and supporting documentation, including an endorsed Form I-20. USCIS will review the application and make a decision based on the student's circumstances. If an application is denied, students can file a motion to reopen or reconsider the decision, providing additional evidence or establishing an incorrect application of law or policy.
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Frequently asked questions
Form I-20, also known as the “Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status”, is a document issued by a U.S. government-approved educational institution. It certifies that a student has been admitted to a full-time study program and has demonstrated sufficient financial resources to stay in the United States.
F-1 students can accept on-campus employment immediately without any additional authorization, provided they are meeting full-time enrollment requirements and maintaining their status. They may work up to 20 hours per week while school is in session and full-time during annual vacations or when school is not in session.
J-1 EV students must obtain authorization from their immigration sponsor prior to beginning on-campus employment. They must also report their on-campus job to their sponsor and obtain authorization on their DS-2019 before their first day of work.


























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