Savanna Hoffman
International students in the US face challenges when looking for internships and jobs due to complex and changing immigration regulations, a lack of transparency about which employers hire international students, and cultural differences. However, certain industries and companies are more welcoming to international students. For instance, the financial services industry, home to over 500,000 companies in the US, is a major employer of international students, with big accounting firms like Deloitte, Price Waterhouse Cooper, and Ernst and Young, as well as heavy-hitters like JP Morgan Chase and Goldman Sachs, offering OPT and STEM OPT positions. The tech industry is another attractive sector, with companies like Cisco Systems, Cerner Corporation, Oracle, Samsung Research, Adobe Systems, and Dell actively recruiting international students, particularly those with STEM backgrounds.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Challenges | Complex and changing immigration regulations, lack of clear information about hiring international students, cultural differences, competition, and high number of job applications |
| Opportunities | OPT jobs, CPT internships, STEM OPT positions, full-time roles, internships, and part-time jobs |
| Industries | Tech, finance, banking, higher education, and nonprofit |
| Example Companies | Deloitte, Price Waterhouse Cooper, Ernst and Young, JP Morgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Cisco Systems, Cerner Corporation, Oracle, Samsung Research, Adobe Systems, Dell, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Los Alamos National Lab, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education |
| Helpful Platforms | Interstride, My Visa Jobs, Handshake, Vault |
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What You'll Learn
Challenges faced by international students in the US job market
International students in the US face several challenges when entering the job market. Firstly, the competition for internships and OPT (Optional Practical Training) jobs is fierce, and it can be challenging to find a company that will sponsor their visa. Many companies are hesitant to sponsor work visas due to the associated costs and complexities, and some students report being rejected from jobs due to sponsorship requirements. The H-1B visa, which is specifically for specially trained workers, has an annual cap of 85,000 visas, making it difficult for international students to secure one.
Additionally, international students may face challenges navigating US labor laws and understanding their employment rights, wage regulations, and legal protections. They may also experience homesickness and culture shock, which can impact their job search and performance. The pandemic has also affected the job market, making it less favorable for international students.
To overcome these challenges, international students should start their job search early and focus on quality job applications rather than quantity. They should also gain work experience through internships, research assistant positions, or other part-time jobs, which can help them build a strong resume and network with potential employers.
Some industries that are known to recruit international students include software and hardware-based companies, such as Cisco Systems, Cerner Corporation, and Oracle. The financial services industry, including big accounting firms like Deloitte and Price Waterhouse Cooper, is also a good option for international students with STEM backgrounds. Nonprofit organizations are another impressive option, with 1.5 million nonprofit organizations contributing to 5.7% of the US GDP.
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OPT and CPT visa job search difficulties
International students in the US often face difficulties in finding jobs, and the job market is highly competitive. The OPT and CPT visas add further challenges, with many companies denying applications from international students.
Firstly, it is important to understand the difference between OPT and CPT visas. OPT, or Optional Practical Training, is a benefit that allows international students on an F-1 visa to work in the US in their major field of study. CPT, or Curricular Practical Training, on the other hand, is an alternative work/study option that includes internships, cooperative education, or other types of required practical training offered through agreements with the sponsoring employer and the student's college or university. CPT must be completed before graduation, whereas OPT can be completed before or after.
For students on OPT visas, the job search can be challenging. US companies often find hiring international students more costly and time-consuming, and there is a perception that these employees will not stay at the company for long. Additionally, the "do you need sponsorship now or in the future" question can be a hurdle, as answering "yes" may lead to automatic screening out of applications.
To overcome these difficulties, it is recommended that OPT visa holders start their job search early, at least three months before receiving their OPT EAD card. This helps in understanding the job market and increases the chances of success. International students can also seek opportunities within their universities or apply for internships to gain experience.
For CPT visa holders, there are opportunities in various industries, including software and hardware companies, as well as financial services. Tech companies, such as Samsung Research, Adobe Systems, Cisco Systems, and Dell, actively recruit international students for CPT positions. CPT internships are also a great way to get a foot in the door, with many students transitioning to full-time OPT positions after successful internships.
Overall, while the job search may be challenging for OPT and CPT visa holders, there are opportunities in the US, especially in the tech and financial services industries. Students can improve their chances by starting their search early, gaining relevant experience, and targeting companies that actively recruit international students.
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Tech industry hiring trends for international students
The tech industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world, especially in the United States. This growth has seen a rise in startups, making tech hubs like Silicon Valley attractive locations for recent or soon-to-be graduates.
Tech companies tend to hire aggressively for CPT positions, and the industry often prioritizes hiring international students with a STEM background, particularly in computer science or related fields. Software and hardware-based companies like Cisco Systems, Cerner Corporation, Oracle, Samsung Research, Adobe Systems, and Dell have hired the most international students.
However, it has always been challenging for international students to find jobs in the US, and 2023 has been a particularly difficult year with mass layoffs from major employers. Companies are trimming down employees, sticking to people who are easier to hire and less "risky", such as those without visa requirements. International students with the right combination of education, experience, skills, and connections have a high chance of finding jobs in the US tech industry. Building experience through internships while attending college can be a good way to enter the industry.
Tech jobs are in high demand and are some of the highest-paying occupations in the US. Columbia University notes that the majority of recruitment for tech jobs will be completed between January and March, so students planning to graduate in May should start looking for jobs in September or October.
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Financial services and banking industry demand for STEM students
International students often face difficulties finding jobs in the United States due to visa requirements and competition in the job market. However, there is a demand for STEM graduates in the financial services and banking industries in the US.
The financial services industry in the US has evolved to embrace digital solutions as a standard offering, from digital wallets to trade finance. This shift has increased the demand for graduates with STEM expertise in fields like machine learning, coding, data science, and quantitative analysis. Artificial intelligence (AI) and big data are now integral to the investment process, and the industry needs professionals with scientific and mathematical mindsets to drive its technological evolution.
STEM graduates are particularly well-suited to address the growing need for data-driven investing and the integration of AI and data science into the investment process. Their analytical skills and quantitative abilities are highly valued by team leaders in various areas, including internal audit, compliance, customer relations, and research.
The banking industry also seeks STEM graduates for their technical expertise and problem-solving skills. Roles in investment banking, for example, may require a strong foundation in mathematics, engineering, or statistics. While some question the emphasis on STEM skills in banking, arguing that these skills may not be fully utilized in entry-level positions, others assert that a STEM background can provide a competitive advantage and better career prospects.
Overall, the financial services and banking industries in the US recognize the value of STEM graduates for their analytical skills, technical expertise, and ability to drive innovation. These industries offer diverse opportunities for STEM graduates to apply their knowledge, acquire new skills, and advance their careers.
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University resources for international students seeking internships and jobs
International students seeking internships and jobs can make use of a variety of university resources to increase their chances of success. Here are some strategies and resources to consider:
University Career Services:
Most universities have a dedicated career services department that offers a range of resources and support for students seeking internships and jobs. These services often include:
- Career counselling: Career counsellors can help international students understand the job market, develop their resumes and cover letters, and prepare for interviews. They can also provide guidance on visa and sponsorship-related questions.
- Job boards and listings: Many universities have online job boards or listings that advertise internship and job opportunities specifically for their students. These platforms can be a great way to find opportunities that are open to international students.
- Networking events: Universities often host networking events, career fairs, and industry days where students can meet potential employers. These events can be excellent opportunities for international students to make connections and learn about companies that are open to hiring international talent.
On-Campus Jobs and Internships:
Universities often have a range of on-campus jobs and internships that are open to students. These opportunities can be a great way for international students to gain valuable work experience and build their resumes:
- Research assistant positions: Working as a research assistant for a professor or department can provide valuable academic and professional experience.
- Teaching assistant positions: International students with strong academic records may be able to find work as teaching assistants for courses in their area of expertise.
- Campus departments: Departments such as the library, IT services, student life, or administration may offer part-time jobs or internships for students.
Alumni Networks:
Alumni networks can be a valuable resource for international students seeking internships and jobs. Many universities have alumni who are willing to mentor or provide insights to current students. Alumni may also be able to refer students to internship or job opportunities within their organisations.
Study Abroad and Exchange Programs:
Participating in a study abroad or exchange program can provide international students with valuable international work experience. Some universities offer internships or work placements as part of these programs, allowing students to gain experience in a new country.
University Partnerships:
Universities often have partnerships with companies, non-profit organisations, or government agencies. These partnerships can lead to internship or job opportunities for students. Ask your career services department about any such partnerships and how you can benefit from them.
While the job search process can be challenging for international students, utilising these university resources can significantly enhance your chances of finding meaningful internships and job opportunities. Remember to start your search early, seek support from your university's career services, and take advantage of the various resources and networks available to you.
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Frequently asked questions
Some companies that hire international students in the US include Cisco Systems, Cerner Corporation, Oracle, Samsung Research, Adobe Systems, Dell, Deloitte, Price Waterhouse Cooper, Ernst and Young, JP Morgan Chase, and Goldman Sachs.
The tech industry often hires international students with STEM backgrounds. The financial services industry is another option for international students, especially those with STEM backgrounds as it is highly reliant on big data.
There are several platforms that offer job postings for international students, such as Interstride, My Visa Jobs, and Handshake. Networking and online research can also help identify organizations that have hired international workers in the past.
International students may face challenges due to complex and changing immigration regulations, cultural differences, and the additional time and effort required to understand employment policies and practices. Companies may also view international students as more costly and time-consuming to hire, and there may be limited resources for finding companies that are hiring international students. Additionally, international students may need to navigate questions about visa requirements and sponsorship during the job search and application process.
