Janice Lozano
International students interested in medical specialisation in the US face a highly competitive process with specific requirements. Less than a third of US medical schools accept international students, and applicants must demonstrate English proficiency and successful completion of courses at an accredited US university. International applicants should research schools carefully, as requirements vary, and some schools may only accept international students with an undergraduate degree from their institution. Applicants should also be aware of additional documentation requirements and consider financing options, such as institutional loans, scholarships, or private loans. Securing letters of recommendation, participating in research, and shadowing doctors are essential parts of the application process. International students should also be mindful of visa restrictions when seeking extracurricular activities.
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What You'll Learn
Application process and requirements
The application process for US medical schools can be competitive, with varying policies on accepting international applicants. In 2019, 48 schools indicated in the Medical School Admission Requirements™ guide that they accept applications from international applicants.
International students are often required to meet additional criteria, such as demonstrating successful completion of courses at an American-accredited university, obtaining a bachelor's degree from a school in the US, and showing proficiency in English. Some schools require an English language test like the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exam.
International applicants who completed courses at an international school should follow the instructions provided on the AMCAS website for entering coursework and requesting transcripts. The AMCAS program will verify and include those courses in the AMCAS GPA. US medical schools use the American Medical School Application Service (AMCAS®) to facilitate the application processes.
It is recommended that international students start their scholarship search at least a year before planning to start their studies. Schools are valuable sources of scholarships for international undergraduates, and students can contact the financial aid office and use scholarship search tools.
Additionally, shadowing a doctor and participating in research are important parts of the extracurricular activities required to gain admission to medical school. International students should be careful when seeking out these opportunities due to the terms of their visas.
To increase their chances of acceptance, applicants should procure letters of recommendation from professors, professionals, or doctors with whom they have worked. Most schools require at least three letters of recommendation, but it is suggested to aim for six.
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Funding and scholarships
Types of Scholarships:
There are two main types of scholarships available for international students seeking medical specialisation in the USA: partially funded scholarships and full funding scholarships. Partially funded scholarships provide a portion of the financial support needed, while full funding scholarships cover the entire cost of tuition and, in some cases, living expenses.
Sources of Scholarships:
Scholarships can be obtained from various sources, including the US government, universities, international foundations, and other organisations. Many universities in the USA offer scholarships specifically for international students, so it is essential to explore the websites of your target schools to identify these opportunities.
Examples of Scholarships:
- University Scholarships: University of Wollongong Scholarships, University of Melbourne Bachelor of Medical Science Scholarships, Harvard Medical School Scholarships, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine Scholarships, King's College London Global Health & Social Medicine Scholarships.
- Special Interest Group Scholarships: American Medical Women's Association (AMWA) Awards, ASCP Siemens Scholarships, Edith SeVille Coale Scholarships, American College of Surgeons International Guest Scholarships.
- Country-Specific Scholarships: Education Future International Scholarship, John M. Azarian Memorial Armenian Youth Scholarship, Goh Foundation Scholarship, AMBUCS Scholarship Program, Higher Education Scholarship Test for Indian Students (HEST).
- Subject-Specific Scholarships: AFPHM John Snow Scholarship, University of Auckland John Hamel MacGregor Award in Medical Science, Boren Fellowships, CIDRZ HealthCorps Fellow Program, Massachusetts Medical Society (MMS) International Health Studies Grant.
Application Process:
To increase your chances of securing scholarships, it is advisable to start your search early, at least a year before your planned start date. Research the eligibility criteria, deadlines, and application processes for each scholarship opportunity. Utilise scholarship search tools like InternationalStudent.com, and don't hesitate to contact the financial aid offices of your target universities for guidance.
Alternative Funding Options:
In addition to scholarships, international students can explore institutional loans offered by their medical schools or consider private loans. However, it is essential to carefully review the terms and conditions of any loan to ensure a clear understanding of the financial commitment.
Remember, the competition for scholarships is intense, and it's essential to thoroughly research and plan your application strategy. By diligently exploring the available options and staying organised, you can enhance your chances of securing the funding needed to pursue your medical specialisation in the USA.
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English language proficiency
To demonstrate English proficiency, applicants are usually required to take an English Language Proficiency Test as part of their application. The specific test accepted may vary among medical schools, so it is essential to research the requirements of your target schools. The most commonly accepted English Language Proficiency Tests in the US include:
- Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) exam: This exam is widely accepted and is specifically required for non-English undergraduate instruction. It assesses the ability to understand and use English at a university level.
- International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exam: This test is commonly accepted and ensures that international students can effectively study and practice medicine in English.
In addition to proficiency tests, US medical schools may have additional requirements for English proficiency. Some schools, like Boston University, mandate that all prerequisite coursework be completed at an American or Canadian university. Other institutions, such as George Washington University, only accept international students with a bachelor's degree from a US or Canadian institution.
Furthermore, it is important to note that all essays and personal statements submitted as part of the medical school application must be written in formal English, free from grammatical errors. Strong letters of recommendation, preferably written in English, are also crucial for a compelling application.
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Residency and observership programs
Residency programs are highly competitive, and international medical graduates (IMGs) should ensure their applications are detailed and error-free. IMGs should highlight unique qualifications, academic experiences, volunteer work, and test scores on their curriculum vitae. It is also beneficial to gain experience in a U.S. healthcare facility to obtain a strong letter of recommendation. IMGs must register with the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) and submit a rank order list of preferred programs. During the residency, graduates will deepen their knowledge, skills, and responsibilities. The length of residency varies between three and seven years, depending on the specialty. All resident physicians must take the USMLE Step 3 within the first two years.
Before applying for a residency, it is recommended that IMGs participate in an observership program to familiarize themselves with American medical practices. Observerships are typically six to eight weeks long and involve shadowing healthcare professionals without direct patient contact. Observers may receive a certificate of attendance and should check with their program guidelines regarding this.
To apply for an observership, a letter should be submitted stating the applicant's interests and reasons for applying. A faculty member within the hospital department should be identified as a sponsor for the visit. Applicants should ensure they have competent English language skills and provide an up-to-date CV, personal statement, and letter of recommendation. The International Physician Observership Program at Cleveland Clinic is one example of an observership program that accepts international applicants. This program has a tuition fee and processing fee of $200.
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Licensure requirements
To begin practising medicine in the United States, international medical graduates (IMGs) must meet specific licensure requirements. These requirements vary across different states, so IMGs should consult the relevant state's requirements before initiating the licensure process.
Firstly, IMGs must obtain ECFMG certification and complete an accredited residency training programme in the United States or Canada. This residency programme is mandatory regardless of the training received in other countries. The duration of residency programmes varies depending on the chosen medical specialty, typically ranging from three to seven years. During this period, graduates will enhance their knowledge and skills while gradually assuming greater responsibility. All resident physicians are required to take the USMLE Step 3 exam within the first two years of their residency.
To secure a licence to practise medicine, IMGs must apply for a medical licence in each state they intend to practise. Most states mandate at least one year of accredited graduate medical education in the United States or Canada before granting a licence. However, it is important to note that 12 states require two years, while 25 states require three years of accredited graduate medical education. IMGs should verify the specific requirements for each state and ensure that they meet all the necessary criteria.
Additionally, IMGs should be prepared to provide credentials verification directly from their medical school. While most IMGs have their credentials evaluated by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates, certain institutions, such as hospitals and licensing boards, may require direct verification. It is crucial to cross-check all information with the respective state licensing boards.
It is worth noting that scholarships and institutional loans are available for international medical students through their chosen medical school. These scholarships can be a valuable source of funding for international undergraduates. To optimise your chances, it is recommended to start your search early and thoroughly research the options offered by the US government, universities, and other organisations.
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Frequently asked questions
The prerequisites vary from school to school. However, some common requirements include demonstrating successful completion of courses at an accredited American university, obtaining a bachelor's degree, and showing proficiency in English. Some schools may also require an English language test like the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exam. It is important to research the specific requirements of your chosen schools.
The application process for US medical schools is highly competitive, especially for international students. To increase your chances of acceptance, it is recommended to participate in extracurricular activities such as shadowing a doctor or volunteering at a non-profit community clinic. Additionally, consider gaining research experience by reaching out to professors and joining undergraduate research projects on campus. Procuring strong letters of recommendation from professors, professionals, or doctors you have worked with is also crucial.
After completing medical school, international students can pursue residency programs in their chosen specialty. During the residency application process, create a rank order list of programs that interviewed you and submit it through the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP). During Match Week in March, you will discover if you matched into a residency program and where you will complete your training. Residency lengths vary depending on the specialty, typically ranging from three to seven years. During residency, you will deepen your knowledge and skills, take on progressive responsibility, and potentially pursue subspecialties through fellowships.
