Savanna Hoffman
The USA has the world's largest international student population, with more than 1,000,000 students choosing to further their education and life experience at a US college or university. The process of becoming an international student in the US is not easy, with a complex and competitive application process. International students must also obtain a student visa, with the F-1 visa being the most common for those entering the country for academic reasons. There are many other considerations for international students, such as the cost of studying, health insurance, accommodation options, and understanding the unique aspects of US campus life.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| International student population | >1,000,000 |
| Percentage of international students in higher-level education | 5% |
| Student visa types | F-1, M-1, F-2, M-2 |
| Student visa cost | US$510 |
| Student visa processing time | Up to 5 months |
| Student visa requirements | DS-160, passport, colour photograph, I-20 form, SEVIS receipt |
| Student accommodation options | On-campus dormitories, homestay |
| Health insurance | Required, some universities offer group plans |
| Work opportunities | Up to 20 hours/week during degree programmes, up to 40 hours during term holidays for F-1 visa holders |
| Transportation | Popular modes include flying, driving, and coach; public transportation is also available |
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What You'll Learn
Student visas and immigration documents
International students intending to study in the US must obtain a student visa. Student visas are typically of type F or M. F-1 visas are for students enrolling in academic programs at a university, college, high school, private elementary school, seminary, conservatory, or another academic institution, including an English language program. On the other hand, M-1 visas are for students enrolling in a technical program at a vocational or other recognized non-academic institution, other than a language training program.
The first step to obtaining a student visa is to apply to a Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)-certified school in the US. Once accepted, the school's designated school official will send you a Form I-20, "Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status". This form is a record of your information in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) database. You must then pay the SEVIS I-901 fee and register in SEVIS. After receiving your Form I-20 and registering in SEVIS, you may apply at a US Embassy or Consulate for a student visa. It is important to note that your type of student visa must match the type of Form I-20 you have. For example, if you have an F-1 visa, you must have a Form I-20 indicating F-1 status.
When applying for a student visa, you must present your Form I-20, passport, and other required documents to the consular officer during your visa interview. Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the US. Additionally, you may need to pay a non-refundable visa application fee before your interview. If your visa is approved, you may also need to pay a visa issuance fee, depending on your nationality.
It is important to always carry your immigration documents, such as your passport, visa, and Form I-20, with you at all times, both on and off campus. These documents will be essential for maintaining your student status and ensuring compliance with visa regulations. Failure to maintain your student status or comply with visa regulations can result in deportation.
If your plans change while in the US, you may be able to request a change in your nonimmigrant status through US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). For example, if you marry a US citizen or receive an offer of employment, you may need to change your status to another category. However, once you depart the US, you must apply for a new visa at a US Embassy or Consulate, and there is no guarantee that you will be issued one.
In summary, obtaining and maintaining a student visa in the US involves several steps and requirements. It is important to stay organized, informed, and compliant with all visa regulations to ensure a smooth process and maintain your student status.
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Financial aid and scholarships
International students in the US often face challenges when it comes to securing financial aid and scholarships due to limited funding opportunities and eligibility restrictions. Unlike domestic students, they do not qualify for federal or state aid and usually rely on personal finances or external resources to fund their education. However, there are still options available, and with perseverance and the right approach, international students can find the financial support they need.
Types of Financial Aid
Financial aid for international students in the US can come in various forms, including scholarships, grants, loans, and work-study programmes. Scholarships are the primary source of funding for international students, with options available through private organisations, institutions, and government-funded programmes. While highly competitive, scholarships often recognise exceptional academic, athletic, or artistic achievements, making it crucial for students to showcase their strengths effectively in their applications.
Identifying Opportunities
International students should begin their search for financial aid by exploring institutional scholarships and grants. Many universities in the US offer financial incentives to attract international students, particularly at the graduate level. These may include assistantships, fellowships, or merit-based scholarships. Additionally, some universities offer work-study programmes, allowing students to work part-time on campus to earn money while gaining work experience.
Application Process
To apply for financial aid, international students may need to complete specific forms, such as the International Student Financial Aid Application (ISFAA) or the CSS Profile for private colleges. Some universities may have their own financial aid application forms as well. In rare cases, a school may require the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), but this typically requires a Social Security number, limiting its accessibility for international students.
Visa Considerations
International students should also be mindful of visa requirements when seeking financial aid. Certain visas, such as the F-1 visa, may allow for specific work opportunities, like Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT), which can provide income during studies. Additionally, visa costs should be factored into the overall financial planning, as they can range from USD 0 to USD 550, depending on the country.
External Scholarships and Loans
In addition to institutional aid, international students can explore external scholarships offered by organisations like United World Colleges (UWC) and the Fulbright Program for Foreign Students. These scholarships often cater to specific demographics or fields of study. Private loan opportunities are also available from legal lenders in the US, though they usually require a co-signer who is a US citizen or permanent resident.
While financial aid and scholarships for international students in the US may be competitive and limited, a systematic approach that combines institutional and external opportunities can increase the chances of securing the necessary funding. It is essential to stay informed about eligibility criteria, application processes, and visa considerations to make well-informed decisions and maximise the prospects of obtaining financial support.
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Student accommodation
There are two main types of student accommodation in the US: on-campus and off-campus. On-campus housing is provided by the university and is often the most convenient and budget-friendly option for international students. It offers short commutes to classes, a unique university lifestyle, and better access to college resources and amenities. On-campus accommodation also includes access to shared facilities like bathrooms, laundry rooms, and kitchens, and utilities are typically included in the rent. However, on-campus housing is in high demand and may not always be available to international students.
If you choose to live off-campus, you will need to consider additional expenses such as transportation, rent, food, and utilities. Off-campus accommodation can range from shared rooms starting at $450-600 per month to apartments costing up to $3,000 per month. Some universities may not allow international students to live off-campus, but they usually provide assistance in finding an appropriate location. When renting off-campus, be sure to spend some time in the area to assess its safety and convenience regarding access to school, grocery stores, and other amenities. You may also need to set up your own utilities and services, such as electricity and telephone.
When deciding on student accommodation, it is important to consider your budget, location, and personal preferences. On-campus housing typically includes furniture and appliances, while off-campus options may be unfurnished. Living with a roommate can help reduce costs, but if you prefer more privacy and control over your space, you may opt for a private apartment. Temporary accommodation, such as hotels or hostels, can be expensive and impersonal, but private rental services can help you find more affordable options. Homestays, where students live with an American family, are also a viable option, especially for those under 18, offering a warm and safe environment to learn about American culture.
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Travel within the US
When travelling within the US as an international student, there are a few things you should keep in mind. Firstly, always carry your passport and immigration documents with you, especially if you are travelling by air, as these will be required for domestic flights and may be requested if you are travelling by car, train or bus, particularly near US borders. While it is unlikely that you will be questioned, having these documents with you will provide immediate proof of your lawful status in the US.
If you are travelling on a cruise, be sure to verify whether the route includes any international travel, as different guidelines may apply.
It is also important to note that US immigration policies can be unpredictable and subject to rapid change. Therefore, caution is advised when travelling internationally, as there may be delays or complications when attempting to re-enter the US. Before travelling, check with your Designated School Official (DSO) to ensure your records are up to date, and that you have all the necessary documentation. This includes a valid passport, visa, and financial information.
If you have a pending practical training application, it is not recommended that you leave the country, as you may be required to submit additional evidence while travelling. If your application is approved, you will receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD), which you will need to re-enter the US.
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Student jobs
As an international student in the US, you may want to consider taking up a part-time job. Working part-time is common for college students in the US, and on-campus jobs are relatively easy for international students to acquire. On-campus jobs can be a great way to gain valuable work experience and references for your resume. Unlike off-campus work, on-campus jobs do not need to be related to your field of study, so there are more opportunities available.
International students on F-1 visas can work on campus for a maximum of 20 hours per week while their academic term is in session. This restriction is usually lifted during semester breaks if you are not enrolled in classes. According to US Immigration and Customs Enforcement, you can work multiple jobs as long as they do not total more than 20 hours per week. F-1 students can also work at school-affiliated off-campus locations, such as research facilities or sports stadiums. However, any off-campus training employment must be related to your area of study and authorized by the Designated School Official and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). USCIS will only authorize off-campus employment in cases of severe economic hardship or emergent circumstances.
To find on-campus jobs, you can check online job boards on your school's website or network with peers and professors. You can also visit your college's career center for help with your resume and finding job opportunities. Remember that on-campus jobs may have a lot of competition, so start applying early and consider building connections with recruiters and alumni.
Before applying for jobs, it is important to understand the requirements and restrictions of your student visa. While you are not required to disclose your visa status, you should never lie about it if asked. Employers may be hesitant to hire international students due to complexities and misunderstandings concerning visas. Thus, it is your responsibility to provide this information to employers and highlight your unique skills and knowledge as an international talent.
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Frequently asked questions
To study in the US as an international student, you must get a student visa. There are two versions of a student visa in the US: the F-1 visa is for students entering the country for academic reasons, and the M-1 visa is for vocational programmes. Most international students will be looking at the F-1 visa, which allows them to work up to 20 hours a week during their degree programmes and up to 40 hours during term holidays. The F-1 visa process can take up to five months and costs US$510. You will also need health insurance, which is different from travel insurance, and some universities require that their students have healthcare cover before they begin their studies.
The application process is complex and competitive, requiring hard work and dedication. It is not a quick process, so students should start preparing months in advance and stay organized and informed throughout.
With more than 3,000 institutions of higher learning across the country and an average of 20.4 million college students, it is easy to feel lost in the system. There are more than 1.1 million international students in the US, so you will not be alone. A distinctive aspect of student life in the US is Greek Life, or fraternities and sororities. Many of these “houses” will share details about their organization during the first few weeks of term and give students the opportunity to “pledge” to them. It is important to remember that although these groups offer a sense of camaraderie and support, there is often a level of secrecy and scandal associated with them. Universities will often host alcohol-free parties, music gigs, and other events as the legal drinking age in the US is 21.
