Lana Oconnell
Germany has a decentralised system of higher education, meaning each region's universities are responsible for their own organisation, administration, and tuition fees for international students. German universities have some of the most stringent admissions requirements for international students, who must submit a variety of documents to be considered for admission. These include proof of language proficiency, academic qualifications, and transcripts. International students must also demonstrate that they can cover their living expenses, which can range from €8,700 to €11,904 per year, depending on the source.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Language Proficiency | German or English language certificates or previous studies in that language |
| Documents | Copy of valid passport and passport/portrait photo, Letter of motivation & recommendation letter(s), Curriculum vitae (CV)/resume, Standardized tests (if applicable), Academic qualifications, transcripts, TestAS results, GMAT or GRE scores, APS certificate, Preliminary Review Documentation (VPD), Completed application form |
| Finances | €11,904 per year to cover living expenses in Germany (as of September 2024) |
| Health Insurance | Proof of German statutory health insurance |
| Visa | Student visa, proof of finances |
| Foundation Year Program | Preparatory program for international students who don't meet language or academic requirements |
| Higher Education Entrance Qualification | For undergraduate students, a high school diploma, school-leaving certificate or university entrance exam result is usually sufficient |
| Direct Application | Application package submitted directly to the university |
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What You'll Learn
Language requirements
To enrol in a degree programme in Germany, international students must demonstrate proficiency in either German or English. This means that you need to prove that you speak English or German well enough to study in that language. This proof needs to be delivered by handing in an official language certificate, unless you are a native speaker or have graduated from an English- or German-speaking programme.
German universities accept various certificates as proof of English language proficiency. These include:
- TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
- TOEIC
- Cambridge English Tests: B2 First (FCE), C1 Advanced (CAE), and C2 Proficiency (CPE)
- IELTS
If you want to study at a German university, you will need to prove your German language proficiency at an upper intermediate to advanced level (B2/C1). The following certificates are accepted as proof:
- TestDaF
- DSH 2
- Goethe-Zertifikat C2
- Telc Deutsch C1 Hochschule
- DSD II
- Deutsches Sprachdiplom der Kultusministerkonferenz (German Language Diploma of the Conference of German Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs), Level 2
- Deutsche Sprachprüfung für den Hochschulzugang (German language test for the admission to universities (DSH)), Level 2
- Test Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Test German as a Foreign Language), TestDaF, with a minimum result of TDN 4
- Diploma of the “Feststellungsprüfung” (assessment test to determine the eligibility of foreign applicants for studies at institutions of higher education in Germany)
It is important to note that the language requirements may vary depending on the university and programme you choose, so be sure to check the specific requirements of your desired programme. Additionally, if you need to apply for a visa, you will need to provide proof of language proficiency or your intention to take a language course as part of your application.
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Application process
The application process for international students looking to study at a German university can be challenging, but with the right information, it can be a smooth and successful experience. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to apply:
Step 1: Choose the Right University and Program
German universities have varying tuition fees for international students, as each region is responsible for organizing and administering its own universities. Research the different universities and their programs to find the best fit for your desired field of study. Check the latest rankings of top universities in Germany and use tools like QS World University Rankings to narrow down your options.
Step 2: Check Admission Requirements and Prepare Documents
Each university has its own specific requirements, so it is important to review these carefully. Generally, international students need to provide proof of language proficiency, either in German or English, through recognized certificates or previous studies. Other common requirements include a copy of your passport and passport photo, a letter of motivation and recommendation letters, a CV or resume, standardized test scores (e.g., IELTS, TOEFL, GMAT, GRE), and academic transcripts. If your qualifications are from outside Europe, you may need to attend a preparatory Studienkolleg and sit the Feststellungsprüfung entrance examination.
Step 3: Submit Your Application
You can submit your application either through the university's portal or through a national service provider like uni-assist or Hochschulstart. Applying directly to the university is generally preferred by international students. Remember to submit all the required documents, including a completed application form, and ensure your application package is comprehensive.
Step 4: Receive an Offer and Accept Your Study Place
Once you have received an offer of admission, you will need to accept your study place and complete the enrollment process, which may involve submitting additional documents and registering for your courses.
Step 5: Obtain a Student Visa and Arrange Accommodation
To obtain a student visa for Germany, you will need to present proof of funds to cover your living expenses, typically around €8,700 to €11,904 per year. After securing your visa, arrange your accommodation and register with the local registration office.
Step 6: Finalize Practical Arrangements
Open a student bank account to manage your finances easily. If you plan to work part-time, understand the regulations for EU and non-EU students. Don't forget to get your student ID card, which provides access to various student services and cultural events.
The process may seem intricate, but with careful planning and attention to detail, you can successfully navigate the application process for German universities as an international student.
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Admission requirements
Language Proficiency
German universities require international students to prove their proficiency in the language of instruction. If the degree is taught in German, recognised language certificates such as the Deutsche Sprachprüfung für den Hochschulzugang (DSH) or TestDaF are necessary. For courses taught in English, non-native speakers must submit scores from tests such as IELTS or TOEFL.
Academic Qualifications
International students must have their academic qualifications recognised by German academic authorities. Students receive a Statement of Comparability for Foreign Higher Education Qualifications, confirming that their foreign qualifications are comparable to the German system. Undergraduate students typically need a high school diploma, school-leaving certificate, or university entrance exam results. Some universities may require the Feststellungsprüfung entrance examination for students with qualifications from outside Europe.
Aptitude Tests
Some German universities require international students from non-EU countries to take an aptitude test, such as the TestAS, to evaluate their general and subject-related aptitude and cognitive skills.
Financial Requirements
Student visa requirements include proof of sufficient funds to cover living expenses, typically around €8,700 to €11,904 per year. This amount can vary depending on location and lifestyle, with Munich being the most expensive city in Germany.
Application Process
International students can apply directly to the university or through a national service provider like uni-assist or Hochschulstart. A completed application form, passport, passport photo, letter of motivation, recommendation letters, CV, standardised test scores, and proof of health insurance are typically required. Some universities may also ask for APS certificates and reviewed education documents with grade conversions.
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Student visas
International students planning to study in Germany must obtain a student visa. To do so, students must present proof of finances during their appointment. As of 2025, students need to show they have €11,904 for the first year or €992 per month. Students can also expect to spend around €850 per month on living costs, although this may vary depending on location and lifestyle. Munich, for example, is currently the most expensive city in Germany.
To apply for a student visa for Germany, students must collect the required documents, including academic qualifications, transcripts, and language test results. Students may also need to take an aptitude test, which is designed to evaluate their skills and potential. The aptitude test is mandatory for international students from non-EU countries who plan to undertake undergraduate studies.
Students must also submit a completed application form, a copy of their passport, passport photo, and proof of German statutory health insurance. Some universities may also ask for TestAS results, and business schools may require GMAT or GRE scores. Students with education qualifications from China, India, or Vietnam need to obtain an APS certificate.
International students can apply directly to the international office of the university or through a national service provider, such as uni-assist or Hochschulstart. Applying directly to the university is generally the preferred method for international students.
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Living costs
The cost of living in Germany is generally more expensive in some areas than in others. For instance, Munich is considered the most expensive German city to live in, with living costs averaging about €12,000 (~US$13,900) per year. In contrast, the average annual living costs in Germany are around €10,200 (~US$11,800). The biggest expense for students is rent, which can be cheaper if you live in a shared flat (average rent of €280/~US$340 per month) or a student hall of residence (€234/~US$290 per month). On average, students in Germany spend around €410 per month on accommodation.
Students in Germany are advised to budget approximately €1,000 per month for living expenses. According to data from DAAD, students in Germany spend around €842 per month on average. This average includes expenses related to rent, travel, food, clothing, health insurance, transportation, tuition fees, and leisure activities. To get a German study visa, you should have €11,904 per year, equivalent to €992 per month to cover living expenses. This amount should cover your living expenses, including accommodation, food, health insurance, and other miscellaneous costs.
Health insurance is a prerequisite for registering at a German university. If you're an EU or EEA resident, there should be a social security agreement between your country and Germany, meaning that if you have public health insurance, you should be covered in Germany as well. If your health insurance isn't valid in Germany, expect to pay around €80 (~US$97) or between €100 and €150 per month to cover this.
The German government offers students up to €934 per month to cover living costs while studying, under the BAföG programme. This programme is usually split evenly between a state grant and an interest-free loan. Additionally, the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) provides support for German and international students to gain funding to live and study in Germany for free or at a more affordable cost. DAAD offers a range of scholarships and grants to eligible students to help cover living expenses, research costs, travel, and more.
Students can also expect to pay about €198 per month on food and groceries and around €30-50 per month for study costs and learning materials. A monthly public transportation pass in Germany costs around €49. The semester fee at universities usually covers local and regional transportation through a "Semesterticket". There may be an additional charge to purchase this ticket, which covers public transport expenses for six months – the price varies depending upon which Semesterticket option you choose.
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Frequently asked questions
The requirements vary across universities, but here are some general prerequisites:
- Proof of language proficiency: Submit recognised German or English language certificates or proof of previous studies in that language.
- Valid passport and passport/portrait photo.
- Letter of motivation and recommendation letter(s) (if applicable).
- Curriculum vitae (CV)/resume.
- Standardised tests (if applicable).
- Academic qualifications and transcripts.
- Proof of German statutory health insurance.
- Proof of financial resources to cover living expenses.
If your degree is taught in German, you need to prove your German language proficiency by submitting recognised language certificates such as the Deutsche Sprachprüfung für den Hochschulzugang (DSH) or TestDaF. If your course is taught in English and you’re not a native speaker, you need to submit scores from tests such as IELTS or TOEFL.
For undergraduate programmes, a high school diploma, school-leaving certificate, or university entrance exam result is usually sufficient. Students with qualifications from outside Europe may need to sit the Feststellungsprüfung entrance examination after attending a preparatory Studienkolleg. The Germany Foundation Year Program (Deutsches Studienkolleg) is a preparatory program for international students who want to study at a German university but do not meet the language or academic requirements.
