International Students: Brand Promoters Or Not?

International students often require financial support to cover the high costs of higher education, especially in the United States. Sponsorships are one way to alleviate these costs, and they can come from a variety of sources, including non-profit organizations, NGOs, individuals, companies, agencies, and even foreign governments. These sponsors usually provide financial assistance to help cover some or all of the student's expenses. Additionally, international students can gain work experience through internships, which do not require visa sponsorships, and are eligible for temporary US work authorization after graduation, making them attractive candidates for potential employers.

Characteristics of International Students Being a Promoter

Work permits and visas

To study as a full-time student in the United States, you will generally need a student visa. There are two non-immigrant visa categories for persons wishing to study in the US: the F-1 Visa and the M-1 Visa. The F-1 Visa (Academic Student) allows you to enter the US as a full-time student at an accredited college, university, school, or other academic institution. The M-1 Visa (Vocational Student) includes students in vocational or other non-academic programs, excluding language training.

F-1 students may not work off-campus during the first academic year, but they may accept on-campus employment, provided certain conditions and restrictions are met. On-campus employment is defined as work that takes place either at the school or at an educationally affiliated off-campus location. This includes work for an on-campus commercial business, such as a bookstore or cafeteria, as long as the work directly provides services for students. F-1 students may work no more than 20 hours per week when school is in session. After the first academic year, F-1 students may engage in three types of off-campus employment: Curricular Practical Training (CPT), Optional Practical Training (OPT), and the STEM OPT extension. CPT must be completed while the student is still enrolled in their program, and both CPT and OPT allow students to be employed during and after their course of study. The duration of CPT and OPT depends on the student's program, and students are only eligible for 12 months of practical training total. To apply for OPT, students must first obtain an internship offer with an international organization and then work with their Designated School Official (DSO) to apply for an Employment Authorization Document with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). USCIS makes case-by-case decisions for off-campus employment for students who can show that new, unexpected circumstances beyond their control have created a severe economic hardship.

F-1 students may also be eligible to work off-campus on a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) OPT extension. This allows new graduates to stay in the US legally and gain real-world work experience. If a student finds an employer during their OPT who will support a work visa, they can apply for a permanent or temporary work visa. Temporary work visas include the H, L, O, and E visas, which allow the student to work in the US temporarily and must leave the country by the expiration date.

Another option for international students to work in the US after graduation is to obtain an EB-2 or EB-3 employment-based green card through employer sponsorship. A green card permits the holder to work anywhere in the US and live indefinitely, but they may take many years to obtain.

Sponsorship

International students hoping to study full time in the United States may need financial support to do so, as many US student loan programs and grants are typically only available to US citizens. Sponsorships can help cover some or all of an international student's expenses. These sponsorships can come from a variety of sources, including individuals, companies, or agencies.

Many schools publish a cost-of-living estimate each year, which can help students and sponsors understand how much funding is needed. In addition to covering living expenses, sponsors may also need to cover tuition and other fees. Students who plan to study and work in the US typically need to have a sponsor and a J1 Visa. This visa allows students to enter training programs and internships. To obtain this visa, students must apply for a J1 Visa sponsorship through the US Department of State or a state department-sponsored organization. The process requires several documents, including the DS 2019 Certificate of Eligibility and the DS 7002 Training and Internship Placement Plan.

Another option for international students seeking sponsorship is to explore partnerships between their home country's Department of Education or Ministry of Education and US schools. These partnerships can lead to significant funding opportunities and reduced education costs. Private organizations and companies may also offer sponsorships to international students, particularly those seeking internships and full-time employment opportunities. Some companies may be interested in building relationships between countries or creating avenues for untapped talent.

Additionally, US employers interested in hiring international students for internships or full-time roles can partner with immigration law firms for guidance on sponsoring international students for work visas. The process for hiring international students is well-established and straightforward, with specific procedures in place, such as the CPT and OPT programs.

Work authorization

International students in the US are allowed to obtain work authorization under specific circumstances, whether during their studies or after graduation. The most common type of student visa, F-1, permits students to work on campus without a work permit, but a work permit is required for off-campus jobs or internships. F-1 students may be eligible to apply for Curriculum Practical Training (CPT) or Optional Practical Training (OPT) to work or train in the US for up to 12 months. The OPT is a direct benefit of the student's F-1 visa status and allows them to gain practical work experience related to their major field of study. Students can choose to work full or part-time during their internships, depending on the institution's CPT policy. However, they must still be full-time students during the academic year.

Upon graduation, all F-1 students have US work authorization for 12 months through a grant of OPT. Students who majored in STEM fields are eligible for a 24-month OPT extension, allowing them to work full-time for 36 months after completing their degrees. During this period, employers do not need to secure work authorization. Students with a J-1 visa can engage in work and study-related exchange programs at US colleges and universities.

To apply for a student visa, international students must first be accepted by a SEVP-certified US institution. They must also prove that they can afford tuition and living expenses in the US, which can be done through financial sponsors such as grants, family members, government organizations, or private companies. The process of applying for a student visa can vary based on the program and the type of sponsorship required. A Designated School Official (DSO) from a SEVP-certified institution can assist students with the visa paperwork and processes, providing guidance and ensuring compliance with visa requirements.

Internships

International students can obtain work authorization in the US under specific circumstances, whether during their studies or after graduation. The most common type of student visa, F-1, allows for an initial 12 months of full-time work authorization, called Optional Practical Training (OPT). This is a direct benefit of the student's F-1 visa status. Students can apply for OPT independently as they prepare to graduate and pursue employment in the US. During this period, employers do not need to secure work authorization.

Students with F-1 visas can also undertake internships under a work authorization status through Curricular Practical Training (CPT). CPT allows F-1 students to accept practical training in their academic field after one year of full-time study. The internship must be related to the student's degree, and they must have completed at least two full-time semesters. Graduate students can accept CPT on Day 1 of their full-time study if required by their program. CPT is solely the responsibility of the student, and there is no cost to the employer.

Additionally, J-1 visa holders who want an internship in the US without enrolling in a degree program can apply for a J-1 Intern or J-1 Trainee visa. J-1 university students can extend their academic training period in the US for up to 36 months.

International students seeking internships in the US should be aware that some organizations are limited to hiring only US citizens. It is essential to focus the internship search on companies legally able to hire international students. Students can use sites like MyVisaJobs to research employers. Additionally, students should be well-versed in the work authorization process to assist employers in adhering to legal guidelines.

When applying for internships, international students should prepare their resumes and cover letters with the help of advisors or career counselors. They can also utilize platforms like LinkedIn and Handshake to find internship opportunities. Externships, or short-term learning programs, can also provide valuable insights and be a stepping stone to internships.

In the UK, there are opportunities for international students to take on internships. For example, Sendy, a courier app, offers a two-month internship for student promoters, which involves promoting the app on campus through various fun activities.

Job search strategies

Job hunting as an international student comes with its own set of challenges. Many employers are hesitant to hire international students due to perceived complexities with visas, concerns about English language skills, and the fear that international students may leave their employment after a short period of time. However, there are companies in the US that actively hire international students, and with the right strategies, you can navigate the job market successfully. Here are some job search strategies tailored for international students seeking opportunities in the US:

Understand Visa Requirements:

Before beginning your job search, familiarize yourself with the working requirements and restrictions of your student visa. This is crucial to maintaining your visa status and ensuring you are eligible to work in the US. Understanding your visa conditions will also help you communicate your eligibility to potential employers effectively.

Start Early:

Finding a job that offers visa sponsorship can take time. The earlier you start your job search, the better. This will increase your chances of securing a position with a company that is willing to sponsor your employment and provide long-term opportunities.

Target Global Companies:

Consider applying to global companies that have a diverse workforce and communicate across the globe. These companies often value a global mindset and appreciate individuals who can contribute unique perspectives and drive innovative ideas. Look for organizations that value cultural diversity and have a track record of hiring international talent.

Utilize Campus Resources:

Take advantage of the career services offered by your university or college. Career coaches can provide valuable guidance tailored to your specific situation and goals. Attend career fairs, network with recruiters, and build relationships with alumni groups, professors, and other members of the university community. These connections can significantly increase your chances of finding suitable job opportunities.

Reach Out to Fellow Internationals:

If you know individuals from your home country who are working at a company you're interested in, don't hesitate to reach out. They may offer valuable insights into the company culture, provide referrals, or advise you on what the company looks for in potential candidates. These connections can give you a competitive advantage and increase your chances of a successful application.

Focus on Sponsorship Opportunities:

When considering potential employers, prioritize companies that offer sponsorship for work visas. Applying to companies that cannot provide sponsorship may be a waste of time, as they may not be able to hire you even if they initially offer you an internship or entry-level position. Look for organizations that have a history of sponsoring international talent and are familiar with the process.

Prepare Required Documents:

Before applying for jobs, ensure that you have all the necessary documents ready. In the US, this typically includes a resume and, in some cases, a cover letter. Having these documents prepared in advance will enable you to apply promptly when you find a suitable opportunity and increase your chances of a successful application.

Understand the US Job Market:

The US job market may differ significantly from that of your home country. Take the time to learn about the unique characteristics of the US job market, including the types of jobs available, the application processes, and the specific qualifications and skills employers are seeking. This knowledge will help you navigate the job search process more effectively.

Build a Professional Network:

Networking is an essential aspect of job searching. Attend industry events, join professional organizations, and participate in online communities related to your field of interest. Building a solid professional network can open doors to unadvertised job opportunities and increase your chances of securing a position.

Stay Persistent and Adaptable:

Job hunting can be a challenging and demoralizing process, but it's important to stay persistent and not give up. Be adaptable and open to different types of opportunities that may arise. Remember that your skills and interests can be transferred to a variety of roles, and don't be afraid to explore different paths to find the right fit for your career goals.

Frequently asked questions