Savanna Hoffman
F-1 students are eligible to receive authorization to work full-time or part-time on campus during the summer vacation. CPT (Curricular Practical Training) is a full-time or part-time training opportunity available during the school year or annual summer vacation. CPT can be authorized by a DSO (Designated School Official) but must be part of your academic program and be integral to your major field of study. CPT does not apply to internships outside of the USA, so F-1 students looking to intern in Europe should consult their international students office to understand how to maintain their student status.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Internship location | Internships outside the US, such as in Europe, do not fall under CPT regulations. |
| F-1 visa status | Students on an F-1 visa will be out of F-1 status during internships outside the US. |
| University policy | Students must ensure that their internship does not interrupt their program status. |
| DSO authorization | Students must obtain authorization from their Designated School Official (DSO) for internships, training, and work. |
| CPT application | CPT applications are processed by the international center of the student's school and may require additional forms and recommendations. |
| OPT application | Students can apply for Optional Practical Training (OPT) after completing their degree to work in the US for up to 12 months, with a possible 2-year extension for STEM graduates. |
| Work authorization | Students must understand work authorization rules and assist employers in adhering to legal guidelines. CPT and OPT internships should not incur additional costs for employers beyond the intern's salary. |
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What You'll Learn
CPT application process
The CPT application process for F-1 visa students can vary depending on the school or university's policies and procedures. Here is a step-by-step guide based on the information provided:
Step 1: Check School Requirements
Firstly, check with your school's international center or office to understand their specific requirements and procedures for CPT authorization. Some schools may have detailed instructions on their website, while others may require you to consult with a designated school official (DSO) or academic advisor.
Step 2: Secure an Internship Offer
Before applying for CPT, you must have an internship offer. The offer letter from the employer should include the job title, job description, salary, number of working hours per week, start and end dates, and the employer's office location. If the internship is remote, include both the employer's and your home address, along with confirmation of remote work.
Step 3: Prepare Application Documents
The CPT application typically requires documentation such as the CPT Employer Form, your passport, the most recent I-94 Arrival Record, and the offer letter from your employer. Additionally, course enrollment in a CPT course or directed/independent study courses for practical training experiences may be necessary.
Step 4: Complete CPT Training
You will need to complete a CPT training module and pass a quiz to prove your understanding of the rules and regulations. This step ensures that you are aware of the guidelines and expectations during your CPT internship.
Step 5: Submit CPT Application
Submit your CPT application through the designated platform, such as Terra Dotta or GlobalHome. The application will include uploading your offer letter, employer form, and other required documents. You may also need to list the course you will take for CPT enrollment and provide your academic advisor's information.
Step 6: Review and Approval Process
Once you submit your application, it will go through a review process. The academic advisor will be notified and required to submit their recommendation. The application will then be forwarded to the relevant departments or offices, such as the Career Development Center or the Office of International Services (OIS), for further review and approval.
Step 7: Receive Work Authorization
If your CPT application is approved, you will receive work authorization documents within a specified timeframe, typically around 10 business days. Do not begin your internship until you have received these authorization documents, as working without authorization is a violation of your immigration status.
Please note that the CPT application process may vary slightly between different educational institutions and states. Always refer to your school's specific guidelines and seek advice from your academic advisor or DSO to ensure a smooth application process.
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OPT and CPT differences
The CPT and OPT programs allow F-1 visa students to gain practical work experience in their field of study. However, there are some key differences between the two programs in terms of eligibility, timing, and requirements.
Firstly, CPT is primarily for internships before graduation, while OPT allows students to seek employment before or after completing their degree. CPT provides an opportunity for international students to gain practical experience through internships or cooperative education. To be eligible for CPT, the work must be required by the student's academic program, and the employer must have an agreement with the school. CPT can be authorized by a Designated School Official (DSO) but must be integral to the student's major field of study. CPT employment can be full-time or part-time, but if a student works full-time for 12 months on CPT, they will lose their eligibility for OPT.
On the other hand, OPT is not employer-specific and allows students to work in their chosen field without it being a requirement for graduation. OPT can be completed before or after graduation, and students can work up to 20 hours per week during the school session or full-time during breaks. To be eligible for OPT, students must apply for employment authorization through USCIS and pay a fee. STEM majors may be eligible for a 24-month OPT extension if they meet certain requirements, such as having a qualifying STEM degree and seeking a training opportunity related to their degree.
In summary, the main differences between CPT and OPT lie in the timing, eligibility requirements, and type of work allowed. CPT is for internships or training required by the academic program, while OPT allows for employment in the student's field of study without being tied to graduation requirements. OPT also provides more flexibility in terms of timing, as it can be completed before or after graduation, whereas CPT must be completed before graduation.
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F-1 visa status maintenance
Enrollment and Academic Progress
F-1 students are required to enroll full-time during the fall and spring semesters, with the summer semester considered a break. They must maintain a full course of study each term, making normal academic progress by completing their studies before the program completion date on Form I-20. Students can request a reduced course load in limited circumstances with prior approval.
Validity of Form I-20 and Passport
It is essential to keep Form I-20 valid by following the proper procedures for extension, change of level, or transfer of schools. Additionally, students must maintain a current passport valid for at least six months into the future.
Employment and Training
F-1 students are eligible for on-campus employment and work authorizations, but they must not take any action that detracts from their primary purpose of studying in the United States. For off-campus employment or internships, students must follow specific regulations and obtain the necessary authorizations, such as Curricular Practical Training (CPT) or Optional Practical Training (OPT).
Travel and Re-entry
International travel during the academic program should be carefully considered, as re-entry in F-1 visa status during the Grace Period is not advisable. Students planning to travel or withdraw from their program must receive authorization from the International Student Advisor or the ISSS, and they may need to apply for a new visa before re-entering the country.
Compliance with Immigration Rules
Maintaining F-1 visa status requires strict adherence to immigration regulations. Failure to do so can result in severe consequences, including removal from the United States, inability to adjust status, and future visa application complications. Students must understand their responsibilities and benefits to avoid any violations that could compromise their visa status and lead to potential arrest or deportation.
By diligently following these guidelines, F-1 visa students can maintain their status and fully enjoy the benefits of their international educational experience.
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International company internships
International internships are a great way for F-1 visa students to gain valuable experience and build their resumes. However, there are some important considerations and requirements to keep in mind when seeking international company internships.
First and foremost, visa eligibility is crucial. Different countries have their own visa regulations, so it's essential to research the specific requirements for the country where you plan to intern. For example, if you're considering an internship in Europe, you need to ensure that your visa status is valid, as per French immigration law.
Additionally, work authorization is a key factor. In the United States, F-1 visa students can participate in Curricular Practical Training (CPT) or Optional Practical Training (OPT). CPT allows students to intern during their studies, provided the internship is related to their degree and they have completed at least two full-time semesters. OPT, on the other hand, allows students to work in the US for up to 12 months after graduation, with a possible two-year extension for STEM graduates.
When seeking international internships, it's important to understand the specific requirements and limitations of your visa status. Some internships may be restricted to US citizens only, so narrowing your search to companies that have previously hired and sponsored international students is advisable.
To secure an international internship, F-1 visa students should follow these steps:
- Understand visa and work authorization requirements for the intended country.
- Research and identify companies that hire international interns and ensure the internship is related to your field of study.
- Consult with your school's international office or designated school official (DSO) to ensure you maintain proper student status and obtain any necessary authorizations, such as CPT or OPT.
- Apply for internships and follow the specific application instructions provided by the company.
By following these steps and staying informed about visa and work regulations, F-1 visa students can successfully pursue international company internships and gain valuable global experience.
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University policy
For F-1 visa students, internships can be a great way to gain practical experience and build professional skills. However, it's important to understand the university policies and regulations regarding internships, especially for those wishing to intern in Europe. Here are the key points outlining the university policy for F-1 visa students interested in interning in Europe:
Curricular Practical Training (CPT):
CPT is a type of authorization that allows F-1 students to engage in internships or practical training. It can be full-time or part-time during the school year or annual summer vacation. CPT must be authorized by the university's Designated School Official (DSO) and must be integral to the student's major field of study. The CPT application process is set by each university and is usually outlined on their website. It is important to note that CPT regulations vary among universities, with some being more stringent than others in adhering to government rules.
Off-Campus Employment:
F-1 students may be eligible for off-campus employment authorization, which typically ends one year after issuance or upon completion of their program, whichever comes first. To work off-campus, students must demonstrate economic hardship or unexpected circumstances, such as the loss of financial aid.
International Internships:
F-1 students offered internships with recognized international organizations may apply for work authorization. This process involves obtaining an internship offer, working with the DSO, and applying for an Employment Authorization Document with USCIS.
Maintaining Student Status:
Universities emphasize the importance of maintaining F-1 student status while participating in internships. Students must ensure that their absence for an internship, especially for extended periods like six months, is not seen as a disruption to their studies. The university's international office plays a crucial role in advising students on maintaining their student status during internships.
Pre-Completion Optional Practical Training (OPT):
OPT refers to the legal time an F-1 student can work after graduation. CPT usage does not influence OPT unless the CPT internship duration exceeds 12 months. Students must complete at least one academic year before becoming eligible for pre-completion OPT, which must relate to their major field of study.
In conclusion, F-1 visa students intending to intern in Europe must carefully navigate university policies and regulations regarding CPT, OPT, international internships, and maintaining student status. Each university may have unique interpretations and implementations of these policies, so students are advised to consult their designated school officials and international offices for personalized guidance.
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Frequently asked questions
F-1 visa students can do internships under a work authorization status through Curricular Practical Training (CPT). CPT must be related to your degree and you must have completed at least two full-time semesters.
CPT can be authorized by your DSO but must be part of your academic program and be integral to your major field of study. You will need to submit the CPT application and recommendation form to your international student advisor.
CPT internships can last for 6 months full-time, but there is no limit for employment lasting less than 20 hours per week.
CPT does not apply to internships outside of the USA. However, your absence for 6 months should not be seen as a disruption to your studies from the perspective of maintaining your F1 visa.
